Репозиторий Университета

© 2020 by the authors. The success of using soft tissue transplants is enough for their spreading in the clinic, but the need to cover the surface, where the transplant was taken from, can be forgotten. It can lead to long-term discomfort of the patient in real life, in some cases to complications alike bleeding; We performed the analysis of the use of different new xenogenic resorbable membranes created within our University in compare with the natural healing of oral mucosa defects in the experiment in vivo on 36 rabbits after performing of the surgical wound on the palatine side (5x5 mm). All animals were separated (divided) for 3 groups: #1 group of control and main groups #2 and #3, where we used pericardium and collagen film for covering mucous defects. We assessed the edema, hyperemia in the operation side, the pain according to animal behavior, the histological picture after animals completion of the experiment (on 3rd, 6th and 10th days); The decrease of clinical signs of inflammation in groups of collagen and pericardium films use (p<0.05) was statistically confirmed. Analysis of histologic investigation of biopsy specimens has shown the faster and massive growth of soft tissue in the donor site after application of pericardium and collagen films (p<0.05). An analysis of the experiment results allows recommending their possible use for closing the donor site after taking a free gingival graft or in the zone of postoperative wound defect in the oral mucosa in clinical oral surgery after specific clinical trials.

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd A laser technology has been developed for fabricating structures from composite layers based on biopolymers: albumin, collagen, and chitosan with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). The structures are intended for cardiovascular devices and tissue-engineered implants. This is evidenced by the results of studies. The composite layers were fabricated due to the phase transition of biopolymers and SWCNT aqueous dispersion under the influence of laser pulses. At the same time branched 3D networks of SWCNT were formed in the biopolymer matrix. The threshold energy fluence of laser pulses was determined (0.032–0.083 J/cm2) at which a bimodal distribution of pores was observed. The calculation of contact resistances between nanotubes at percolation units of 3D networks (20–100 kOhm) was carried out. Composite layers fabricated by laser demonstrated conductivity values that were higher (12.4 S/m) than those for layers by thermostat (4.7 S/m). The maximum hardness of the composite layers with SWCNT (0.01 wt%) by laser was 482 ± 10, 425 ± 10, and 407 ± 15 MPa for albumin, collagen and chitosan, respectively. The hardness of the thermostat layers was less than 100 MPa. The viability of endothelial cells in composite layers was improved. The composite layers ensured a normal level of hemolysis during interaction with erythrocytes.

© 2020 Objective: The association between the most severe types of placenta accreta spectrum disorders and caesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) poses the question of whether early diagnosis may impact the clinical outcome of these anomalies. The aim of this study is to report the outcome of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) diagnosed in the early (≤9 weeks) versus late (>9 weeks) first trimester of pregnancy. Study design: Medline, Embase and Clinicaltrail.gov databases were searched. Studies including cases of CSP with an early (≤9 weeks of gestation) compared to a late (>9 weeks) first trimester diagnosis of CSP, followed by immediate treatment, were included in this systematic review. The primary outcome was a composite measure of severe maternal morbidity including either severe first trimester bleeding, need for blood transfusion, uterine rupture or emergency hysterectomy. The secondary outcomes were the individual components of the primary outcome. Random-effect meta-analyses were used to combine data. Results: Thirty-six studies (724 women with CSP) were included. Overall, composite adverse outcome complicated 5.9 % (95 % CI 3.5−9.0) of CSP diagnosed ≤9 weeks and 32.4 % (95 % CI 15.7−51.8) of those diagnosed >9 weeks. Massive hemorrhage occurred in 4.3 % (95 % CI 2.3−7.0) of women with early and in 28.0 % (95 % CI 14.1−44.5) of those with late first trimester diagnosis of CSP, while the corresponding figures for the need for blood transfusion were 1.5 % (95 % CI 0.6−2.8) and 15.8 % (95 % CI 5.5−30.2) respectively. Uterine rupture occurred in 2.5 % (95 % CI 1.2−4.1) of women with a prenatal diagnosis of CSP ≤ 9 weeks and in 7.5 % (95 % CI 2.5−14.9) of those with CSP > 9 weeks, while an emergency intervention involving hysterectomy was required in 3.7 % (95 % CI 2.2−5.4) and 16.3 % (95 % CI5.9−30.6) respectively. When computing the risk, early diagnosis of CSP was associated with a significantly lower risk of composite adverse outcome, (OR: 0.14; 95 % CI 0.1−0.4 p < 0.001). Conclusions: Early first trimester diagnosis of CSP is associated with a significantly lower risk of maternal complications, thus supporting a policy of universal screening for these anomalies in women with a prior cesarean delivery although the cost-effectiveness of such policy should be tested in future studies.

© 2020 Three-dimensional high-resolution late gadolinium enhancement (3D HR LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using compressed sensing can help detect small myocardial infarcts. We discuss the case of an 11-year-old child with an anomalous aortic origin of the left coronary artery. Since he was suspected to have coronary stenosis due to anomalous aortic origin of the left coronary artery, cardiovascular MRI, including conventional two-dimensional (2D) LGE MRI and HR 3D LGE MRI, was conducted. Myocardial scars were not clearly observed via 2D LGE MRI; however, 3D HR MRI revealed subendocardial infarction of the anteroseptal wall, which corresponded to the left coronary artery. By applying the compressed sensing technique, 3D HR LGE, MRI enables a detailed assessment of small myocardial infarcts in a clinically feasible scan time.

© 2020 Three-dimensional high-resolution late gadolinium enhancement (3D HR LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using compressed sensing can help detect small myocardial infarcts. We discuss the case of an 11-year-old child with an anomalous aortic origin of the left coronary artery. Since he was suspected to have coronary stenosis due to anomalous aortic origin of the left coronary artery, cardiovascular MRI, including conventional two-dimensional (2D) LGE MRI and HR 3D LGE MRI, was conducted. Myocardial scars were not clearly observed via 2D LGE MRI; however, 3D HR MRI revealed subendocardial infarction of the anteroseptal wall, which corresponded to the left coronary artery. By applying the compressed sensing technique, 3D HR LGE, MRI enables a detailed assessment of small myocardial infarcts in a clinically feasible scan time.

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Objective: Conflicting data exist on the effect of dexmedetomidine on delirium. For the present study, a randomized trial was performed to investigate the effect of perioperative dexmedetomidine on the rate of postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: University hospital. Participants: Patients (n = 169) undergoing elective cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass graft surgery, valve surgery, or combined surgery) with cardiopulmonary bypass. Interventions: Patients received a sevoflurane-based general anesthesia and were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive a dexmedetomidine infusion that started in the operating room (0.7 μg/kg/h) and continued into the intensive care unit (0.4 μg/kg/h) or an equivolume infusion of placebo. Measurements and Main Results: A decrease in the rate of delirium in the dexmedetomidine group compared with the placebo group was demonstrated (6 of 84 [7.1%] v 16 of 85 [18.8%]; p = 0.02; odds ratio [OR] 0.33 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.12-0.90]). Reduced intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay also were observed (18 [18-22] hours v 22 [18-39] hours; p = 0.002 and 17 [7-20] days v 19 [8-21] days; p = 0.04, respectively). Mortality at 30 days was 2 (2.4%) in both groups. On multivariate analysis, only dexmedetomidine administration (OR 0.24 [95% CI 0.08-0.74]) and cardiopulmonary bypass time (OR 1.02 [95% CI 1.01-1.03] for increases of 1 min) were independent predictors of delirium development. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine administered during and after general anesthesia for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass decreased the rate of postoperative delirium and intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay.

© 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd Printed in the UK Graphene-based nano-porous materials (GNM) are potentially useful for all those applications needing a large specific surface area (SSA), typical of the bidimensional graphene, yet realized in the bulk dimensionality. Such applications include for instance gas storage and sorting, catalysis and electrochemical energy storage. While a reasonable control of the structure is achieved in micro-porous materials by using nano-micro particles as templates, the controlled production or even characterization of GNMs with porosity strictly at the nano-scale still raises issues. These are usually produced using dispersion of nano-flakes as precursors resulting in little control on the final structure, which in turn reflects in problems in the structural model building for computer simulations. In this work, we describe a strategy to build models for these materials with predetermined structural properties (SSA, density, porosity), which exploits molecular dynamics simulations, Monte Carlo methods and machine learning algorithms. Our strategy is inspired by the real synthesis process: starting from randomly distributed flakes, we include defects, perforation, structure deformation and edge saturation on the fly, and, after structural refinement, we obtain realistic models, with given structural features. We find relationships between the structural characteristics and size distributions of the starting flake suspension and the final structure, which can give indications for more efficient synthesis routes. We subsequently give a full characterization of the models versus H2 adsorption, from which we extract quantitative relationship between the structural parameters and the gravimetric density. Our results quantitatively clarify the role of surfaces and edges relative amount in determining the H2 adsorption, and suggest strategies to overcome the inherent physical limitations of these materials as adsorbers. We implemented the model building and analysis procedures in software tools, freely available upon request.

© 2020 Bone age is used widely by pediatricians to assess the skeletal maturity of a child and predict growth potential. This entails measuring the size of secondary ossification centers (SOCs), which develop with age in the ends of long bones, which are initially cartilaginous. However, little is presently known about the developmental biology, evolution and functional role of these skeletal elements. Here, we summarize the knowledge currently available in this area and discuss potential primary functions of the SOC.

© 2020 Bone age is used widely by pediatricians to assess the skeletal maturity of a child and predict growth potential. This entails measuring the size of secondary ossification centers (SOCs), which develop with age in the ends of long bones, which are initially cartilaginous. However, little is presently known about the developmental biology, evolution and functional role of these skeletal elements. Here, we summarize the knowledge currently available in this area and discuss potential primary functions of the SOC.

© 2020 Bone age is used widely by pediatricians to assess the skeletal maturity of a child and predict growth potential. This entails measuring the size of secondary ossification centers (SOCs), which develop with age in the ends of long bones, which are initially cartilaginous. However, little is presently known about the developmental biology, evolution and functional role of these skeletal elements. Here, we summarize the knowledge currently available in this area and discuss potential primary functions of the SOC.

© 2020, The Author(s). Background: Currently, no data is available regarding the association between professional experience or limb dominance and the prevalence of asymptomatic knee joint lesions in adult professional male soccer players. Hypothesis: The prevalence of the accumulated changes increases with training experience. This is especially true for the dominant leg, which is involved in a large proportion of the athletes’ movements. Study Design: Level 2 cross-sectional cohort study Methods: MRI was used to assess the condition of 94 knee joints in 47 adult professional male soccer players (mean age 25.7 ± 4.6 years, BMI 22.8 ± 1.4). Previous surgery on joints was an exclusion criterion. No football player had knee injuries (including fresh bruises) for at least 3 months before the examination. All the scans were performed using a 1.5T MRI scanner and a slice thickness of 3 mm. The images were blindly analyzed by two experienced radiologists. We analyzed all the three compartments of the knee joint. We consider a chondral lesion already from grade I in modified Noyes and Stabler classification system. To assess the influence of soccer training experience, all players were divided into two groups: group 1 formed from players with less than 20 years of experience and group 2 with more than 20 years of experience. Results: One hundred percent of the soccer players had at least one chondral and meniscal lesion. In both legs, the posterior horn of the medial meniscus (95.6%) was the most frequent site of injury. Most of the injuries were classified as grade II injuries (73.3% for the dominant and 75.6% for the non-dominant leg). Experience and age of the athletes significantly increased the probability of subcortical bone lesions. They were significantly positively correlated with the grades of patellar lesions and lesions of the patellar surface of the femur and significantly negatively correlated with the grades of lesions of posterior horn of lateral meniscus and anterior horn of medial meniscus. No statistically significant differences in the prevalence and grades of cartilage and meniscal lesions in the dominant and non-dominant limb were observed. Conclusion: Soccer practice is associated with the increased prevalence of asymptomatic chondral and meniscal lesions. The probability of subcortical bone lesions significantly increases with training experience and age. These factors are also positively correlated with the grades of patellar lesions and lesions of the patellar surface of the femur. The prevalence and grade of asymptomatic chondral and meniscal lesions is independent of leg dominance.

© 2020 Purpose: to study the effect of immunosupressive therapy (IST) in the virus-negative and virus-positive patients with immune-mediated myocarditis. Methods: in 60 patients (45 male, 46.7 ± 11.8 years, mean LV EDD, 6.7 ± 0.7 cm, EF 26.2 ± 9.1%) active/borderline myocarditis was verified by endomyocardial biopsy (n = 38), intraoperative biopsy (n = 10), examination of explanted heart (n = 3) and autopsy (n = 9). Indications for IST determined based on histological, immune activity. The follow-up was 19.0 [7.25; 40.25] months. Results: The viral genome in the myocardium was detected in 32 patients (V+ group), incl. parvovirus B19 in 23. The anti-heart antibody level was equally high in the V+ and V- patients. Antiviral therapy was administered in 24 patients. IST (in 22 V+ and 24 V- patients) include steroids (n = 40), hydroxychloroquine (n = 20), azathioprine (n = 21). The significant decrease of LV EDD (6.7 ± 0.7 to 6.4 ± 0.8), PAP (48.9 ± 15.5 to 39.4 ± 11.5 mm Hg, р<0,01), increase of EF (26.5 ± 0.9 to 36.0 ± 10.8), and lower lethality (23.9% and 64.3%; RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.19–0.71), p<0.01, were found only in IST group. Significant improvement due to IST were achieved not only in V-, but also in V+ patients. Conclusions: IST in patients with immune-mediated lymphocytic myocarditis is effective and is associated with lower lethality both in virus-negative and virus-positive patients.

© 2020 Elsevier B.V. This work proposes an original method for generating atomistic models of multi-branched and arbitrary-shaped seamless junctions of different nanostructures. Atomic frameworks of new hybrid systems with a wide variety of topological forms based on 1D and 2D structures can be obtained using this method. The topological diversity of generated hybrid systems is provided by the some features of the developed method. This method combines a triangulated nanomesh framework generation with a molecular dynamics (MD) method that allows us to generate dozens of topological configurations of the contact region of different objects. Energetically favorable junctions of carbon nanostructures, including Y- and X-shaped junctions of carbon nanotubes, a fullerene-nanotube junction, and a fullerene-graphene hybrid system are created using the developed original method.

© 2020 Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential molecular and cellular process that is part of normal embryogenesis and wound healing, and also has a ubiquitous role in various types of carcinoma and glioblastoma. EMT is activated and regulated by specific microenvironmental endogenous triggers and a complex network of signalling pathways. These mostly include epigenetic events that affect protein translation-controlling factors and proteases, altogether orchestrated by the switching on and off of oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes in cancer cells. The hallmark of cancer-linked EMT is that the process is incomplete, as it is opposed by the reverse process of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, which results in a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype that shows notable cell plasticity. This is a characteristic of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and it is of the utmost importance in their niche microenvironment, where it governs CSC migratory and invasive properties, thereby creating metastatic CSCs. These cells have high resistance to therapeutic treatments, in particular in glioblastoma.

© 2020 Elsevier B.V. The development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is often asymptomatic. Identification of initial indicators of cardiometabolic disruption may assist in its early detection. The objective was to determine the relationships between plasma acylcarnitines (ACs) and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with and without CVDs. The AC profile in human plasma of healthy controls [non-CVD group, n = 13)] and individuals diagnosed with CVDs (CVD group, n = 34) were compared. A targeted analysis of 29 ACs was performed using flow injection analysis-tandem mass spectrometry. There were significant direct correlations (p < 0.05) between ACs and cardiometabolic risk factors. Comparing the groups after adjustment for covariates, showed that the ACs that were best differentiated (p < 0.05) between the two groups and that presented “good” diagnostic accuracy were carnitine [30.7 (25.5–37.7) vs. 37.7 (32.3–45.0) µM], the short-chain ACs: acetylcarnitine [8.9 (7.4–10.2) vs. 11.9 (9.2–14.4) µM] and isovalerylcarnitine [0.10 (0.06–0.13) vs. 0.13 (0.10–0.16) µM], and the medium-chain ACs: hexanoylcarnitine [0.04 (0.03–0.05) vs. 0.06 (0.05–0.07) µM] and decenoylcarnitine [0.18 (0.12–0.22) vs. 0.22 (0.17–0.32) µM]. This assessment contributes to the identification of the unique metabolic features exhibited in association with cardiometabolic risk in adults diagnosed with CVD. The altered metabolites have the potential to be used as biomarkers for early detection of CVD.

© 2020 The Authors Purpose: To present the problems and possibilities of diagnostic and treatment in a patient with resistant exudative-constrictive pericarditis. Methods: The male patient 31 y. was admitted to the clinic due to exudative pericarditis and arthritis of the left knee joint. His medical history periodic febrile fever with a cough, episodes of syncope and atrial fibrillation, treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroids with a temporary effect. Results: No data were received for systemic disease, hypothyroidism, tumors. With CT in both lungs, small areas of fibrosis and lymphadenopathy were identified. Pericardial sheets diffusely thickened. EchoCG shows one liter of pericardial fluid with fibrin. All tests for viruses and tuberculosis are negative. Thoracoscopy was performed. Morphological examination showed tuberculosis granulomas with caseous necrosis. The growth of mycobacteria of tuberculosis from sputum was obtained. Therapy included pyrazinamide, ethambutol, levofloxacin, prednisolone 20 mg / day. Ponce's disease regressed. Due to the increase of constriction, subtotal pericardectomy was performed. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is one of the real causes of pericarditis with massive effusion and an outcome in constriction. The negative results of all laboratory tests for tuberculosis do not exclude the diagnosis. It is necessary to use invasive morphological diagnosis, including thoracoscopic biopsy.

© 2020 The Authors Purpose: To present the problems and possibilities of diagnostic and treatment in a patient with resistant exudative-constrictive pericarditis. Methods: The male patient 31 y. was admitted to the clinic due to exudative pericarditis and arthritis of the left knee joint. His medical history periodic febrile fever with a cough, episodes of syncope and atrial fibrillation, treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroids with a temporary effect. Results: No data were received for systemic disease, hypothyroidism, tumors. With CT in both lungs, small areas of fibrosis and lymphadenopathy were identified. Pericardial sheets diffusely thickened. EchoCG shows one liter of pericardial fluid with fibrin. All tests for viruses and tuberculosis are negative. Thoracoscopy was performed. Morphological examination showed tuberculosis granulomas with caseous necrosis. The growth of mycobacteria of tuberculosis from sputum was obtained. Therapy included pyrazinamide, ethambutol, levofloxacin, prednisolone 20 mg / day. Ponce's disease regressed. Due to the increase of constriction, subtotal pericardectomy was performed. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is one of the real causes of pericarditis with massive effusion and an outcome in constriction. The negative results of all laboratory tests for tuberculosis do not exclude the diagnosis. It is necessary to use invasive morphological diagnosis, including thoracoscopic biopsy.

© 2020 A series of novel metal complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Mg(II) with four N-heterocyclic derivatives of 2-arylhydrazono-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds were isolated and identified by FT IR, 1H NMR, EPR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The crystallographic data for two organic ligands as well as Mg(II) and Ni(II) complexes were obtained. It was indicated that the organic species exist in the form of hydrazo-tautomers. The Ni complex is monomeric and is characterized by the tridentate coordination of the ligand through a deprotonated N-atom of the hydrazo-fragment and two neighboring O-atoms of the carbonyl and deprotonated hydroxy-groups. In the case of the Mg complex the polymeric structure is observed with the additional coordination through the sulfamide group of the organic specie. Formation constants of the complexes in ethanol aqueous solutions were calculated and correlated with some physical characteristics of the metal cations. Structures of yet unstudied metal complexes were proposed based on quantum-chemical modeling at the DFT/B3LYP level.

© 2020 A series of novel metal complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Mg(II) with four N-heterocyclic derivatives of 2-arylhydrazono-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds were isolated and identified by FT IR, 1H NMR, EPR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The crystallographic data for two organic ligands as well as Mg(II) and Ni(II) complexes were obtained. It was indicated that the organic species exist in the form of hydrazo-tautomers. The Ni complex is monomeric and is characterized by the tridentate coordination of the ligand through a deprotonated N-atom of the hydrazo-fragment and two neighboring O-atoms of the carbonyl and deprotonated hydroxy-groups. In the case of the Mg complex the polymeric structure is observed with the additional coordination through the sulfamide group of the organic specie. Formation constants of the complexes in ethanol aqueous solutions were calculated and correlated with some physical characteristics of the metal cations. Structures of yet unstudied metal complexes were proposed based on quantum-chemical modeling at the DFT/B3LYP level.

© 2020 Glutaraldehyde (Glut) is an extensively used sterilant and fixative for the crosslinking of natural soft tissue biomaterials like bovine pericardium (BP) to provide stability and is required for its application in vivo. There is plenty of debate around the reaction mechanism of Glut with natural biomaterials. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a commonly used technique that is typically used to measure the thermal profile of polymers. However, a variation known as quasi-isothermal modulated differential scanning calorimetry (QiMDSC) has been utilised for the analysis of polymorphic transformations in both the pharmaceutical and food industries. This communication will address QiMDSC as a method for analysing soft tissue biomaterials and their crosslinking mechanisms and how it can be applied to other biomaterial applications.