Репозиторий Университета

© Bionika Media Ltd. The paper analyzes the data available in the modern scientific literature on the possibility of human umbilical cord tissue cryopreservation and its further clinical application. It describes protocols to obtain various biomedical products (vascular matrix, Wharton jelly-based grafts, and multipotent stromal cells) from the frozen umbilical cord, as well as prospects of their clinical use. The analysis of the literature data may be indicative of the active development of a promising cell biotechnology area, such as human umbilical cord cryopreservation.

Copyright © 2018 Loppini, Gizzi, Ruiz-Baier, Cherubini, Fenton and Filippi. We numerically investigate the role of mechanical stress in modifying the conductivity properties of cardiac tissue, and also assess the impact of these effects in the solutions generated by computational models for cardiac electromechanics. We follow the recent theoretical framework from Cherubini et al. (2017), proposed in the context of general reaction-diffusion-mechanics systems emerging from multiphysics continuum mechanics and finite elasticity. In the present study, the adapted models are compared against preliminary experimental data of pig right ventricle fluorescence optical mapping. These data contribute to the characterization of the observed inhomogeneity and anisotropy properties that result from mechanical deformation. Our novel approach simultaneously incorporates two mechanisms for mechano-electric feedback (MEF): stretch-activated currents (SAC) and stress-assisted diffusion (SAD); and we also identify their influence into the nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics. It is found that (i) only specific combinations of the two MEF effects allow proper conduction velocity measurement; (ii) expected heterogeneities and anisotropies are obtained via the novel stress-assisted diffusion mechanisms; (iii) spiral wave meandering and drifting is highly mediated by the applied mechanical loading. We provide an analysis of the intrinsic structure of the nonlinear coupling mechanisms using computational tests conducted with finite element methods. In particular, we compare static and dynamic deformation regimes in the onset of cardiac arrhythmias and address other potential biomedical applications.

© 2018 by the authors; licensee Modestum Ltd., UK. Objective: The article contains the results of studying homeostasis of the cardiovascular system by the method of cardiointervalography in students with limited abilities of various programs of study at university. A psychological assessment of the attitude of students with limited abilities to their health was made. The problem of the components of the personal-adaptive potential has been studied. A study of the level of human potential of students on a separate component of “health” and in the aggregate has been conducted, as well as conclusions based on this research work have been drawn. Method: To solve the objectives set in the study, the following methods were used: the review of scientific and methodological literature, instrumental and calculated physiological research methods: variational pulsometry; mathematical analysis of the heart rate variability; calculation method for assessing adaptive capacity-adaptive capacity offered by Bayevsky; the questionnaire “Psychological features of a person’s attitude to his health”, in the framework of a study of the human potential index (health component), a questionnaire was developed based on a questionnaire for assessing the quality of life, developed at the Institute of Stress Medicine (USA) in 1993, methods-descriptive mathematical statistics and testing the hypothesis by Student’s t-test. Results: The analysis of the activity index of the sympathic regulation link-mode amplitude (AMo%) according to the standards of homeostasis, in view of variation pulsograms, is characterized in the studied groups, as moderate sympathicotonia. The AMo index in the groups is not statistically different, reflects the stabilizing effect of centralization of the heart rate control, and indicates the activation of the sympathic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). AMo 1 year = 40.8 ± 8.1%; AMo 2 year = 44.9 ± 4.8%; AMo 3 year = 43.9 ± 8.8% the index is in the upper limits of the norm, the index is normal only in the group of first year students. It can be stated that the body of students with limited abilities reacts with a nonspecific adaptive response to the study load, and this depends on the specifics of the diseases and functional reserves that are low in this category of students. The indicator of urgent adaptation-vagosympathetic balance (LF / HF) shows the greatest stress in the group of first-year students. The index is statistically reliably different from the LF / HF1 year = 2.074 ± 0.39 * (according to the paired Student’s t-criterion of dependent indices p ≤ 0.5) from that of students in the second LF / HF2 year = 1.174 ± 0.25 and the third LF / HF3 year = 1.308 ± 0.26 years of study, indicating an increase in sympathic influences. A decrease in the ratio of the LF / HF index in the groups of second and third year students can be interpreted as a positive effect. There was general adaptation to the educational process at the university, and the correct construction of training and health-related workloads, in accordance with the medical diagnosis, led to a balanced regulation of the sympathic and parasympathic nervous system. Conclusion: The stress level of regulatory systems is assessed by the value of the adaptation potential. The higher is the adaptive capacity of the circulatory system, the lower the values of the adaptive potential. The adaptive potential is an indicator that determines the interrelation of two opposite concepts: “health” and “disease”, morpho-functional changes. In case of illness, a shift towards disadaptation takes place.

© 2018 by the authors; licensee Modestum Ltd., UK. Objective: The relationship of situational (reactive) and personal anxiety in the sample of respondents with post-trauma stress disorder (PTSD) has been considered in the article. The study found that a significant level of situational anxiety and an average level of personal anxiety is observed in respondents with post-trauma stress disorder. Method: The survey and testing of respondents was conducted on the basis of their voluntary and anonymous participation among the staff of public authorities and law enforcement bodies. Clinical, psychopathological and statistical research methods were used in this work. While conducting a psychopathological survey, the Mississippi scale (MS), military and civilian variants, the severity questionnaire for psychopathological symptoms (AFPS), and the scale for assessing the level of reactive and personal anxiety (Charles D. Spilberger, Yu. L. Khanin) were used to determine the qualitative and quantitative parameters. The levels of reactive and personal anxiety were determined on a scale: up to 30 points-low anxiety; from 31 to 45 points-moderate anxiety; 46 points or more-high anxiety. The statistical processing of research results included the calculation of the arithmetic mean value for the quantitative (M) and qualitative (P) indices and their errors (m and p). When comparing the data obtained in groups and subgroups, the Student’s t-test was used, while the correlation analysis of interrelationships-the Spearman correlation coefficient was used. The sample comprised respondents with signs that meet the diagnostic criteria for PTSD (ICD-10 \ DSM-R). Results: The manifestation of the influence of the experienced psychological trauma on the level of anxiety is: an increased heart rate; Blanchet syndrome; a nervous condition; tension of all groups of muscles; feeling a sense of guilt; a feeling of fever followed by shivers; long confusion; insomnia; migraine; uncontrollable anger. The symptoms of anxiety persist and accumulate, at the time of a stressful situation, and after its resolution, contributing to a decrease in performance, fatigue and exhaustion. In addition, the results of the study indicate that anxiety and its level plays an important role, both in clinical findings and in the pathogenesis of PTSD. At the same time, differences were found among men and women. Men with PTSD are characterized by an increase in the level of situational anxiety as the severity of the disorder increases. Women are characterized by a moderate level of situational anxiety, regardless of the severity of the disorder. For both male and female subjects, high indices of personal anxiety are more significant than situational in the development of PTSD of different severity levels. Conclusion: Anxiety and its level, plays an important role both in clinical findings and in the pathogenesis of PTSD. At the same time, differences were found among men and women. Men with PTSD are characterized by an increase in the level of situational anxiety as the severity of the disorder increases. Women are characterized by a moderate level of situational anxiety, regardless of the severity of the disorder. High indices of personal anxiety are more significant for both male and female subjects than situational one in the development of PTSD of different severity levels. The level of personal anxiety in men increased as the severity of PTSD increased. In women, the high level of anxiety increased with increasing severity of the disorder and stabilized with severe PTSD. Most women and men with PTSD are characterized by a high level of personal anxiety. Moreover, the prevalence of women with a high level of personal anxiety in comparison with men is essential with a mild severity of the disorder. With a moderate degree of the disorder, the differences in the proportion of men and women with a high level of personal anxiety are practically insignificant, and in case of a severe degree of the disorder, their proportion levels off, reaching 100%, both among men and women.

© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor  &  Francis Group. Introduction: Prenatal atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) on frequent occasions coexists with other cardiac or extracardiac abnormalities or malformation which may change the prognosis and the management with the fetus and the newborn. The aim of the research was to assess the prognosis and the outcome of prenatally diagnosed AVSD based on the classification which also includes coexisting extracardiac abnormalities and malformations as well as its influence on the prenatal consultation. Methods: It was a retrospective analysis of 113 patients with prenatally diagnosed AVSD. The group was selected out of 871 patients with CHD. Out of 113 fetuses with AVSD we exclude those in whom AVSD was coexistent with other cardiac malformations (n = 41). Extracardiac abnormalities [ECA] were defined as problems which do not require surgical intervention after delivery, they were usually markers of a genetic syndrome. Extracardiac malformations [ECM] were defined as problems requiring surgical interventions after delivery or lethal malformations. All 72 fetuses with an isolated AVSD were classified to one of the three groups: (1) Simple AVSD–(sAVSD)–a fetus with isolated AVSD without coexisting ECA and ECM (n = 6), (2) sAVSD + ECA–a fetus with isolated AVSD, with coexisting ECA (n = 28), (3) sAVSD + ECM–a fetus with isolated AVSD, with coexisting ECM (n = 38). Results: The pregnancy from the groups sAVSD + ECM were, in fact, more often referred to the prenatal cardiology centers on account of the existing ECM (p=.03). There were no differences between the two subgroups in regard to: the mean age of the pregnancy, the mean age of the fetus at the time of diagnosis and during diagnostic testing at the referral center, the gender of the fetus. An increased nuchal translucency (NT) was most often found in fetuses from the group AVSD + ECA (n = 13/23), which was connected with more frequent occurrence of abnormal karyotype (p=.048). The trisomy 21 more frequently referred to pregnancy with sAVSD + ECA than those with sAVSD + ECM (p=.0006). In the group sAVSD + ECM there was the highest number of fetuses small for the gestational age detected −48.65% (p=.01). Most often premature deliveries were found in the group sAVSD + ECM (72.73%). The duration of gestation in the group sAVSD + ECM turned out to be much shorter than that in the group with the isolated sAVSD (p=.01) and sAVSD + ECA (p=.03). The lowest Apgar score was in the newborns from the group sAVSD + ECM (p=.002). Longer period of gestation was connected with the higher score on Apgar scale (R = 0.541; p=.001). The average delivery weight of the newborns was the lowest in the group sAVSD + ECM (p=.04). sAVSD + ECM was connected with the significantly higher death rate than the isolated sAVSD (p=.0047) or sAVSD + ECA (p<.00001). The fatality rate of the newborns/ fetuses from the pregnancies lasting less than 37 weeks turned out to be much higher than in the case of the remaining pregnancies (sAVSD p=.002). Conclusions: (1) The majority of fetuses with AVSD remained the patients of just obstetricians and prenatal cardiologists because of highly heterogeneous of the coexisting malformations and abnormalities and since they perish in the period of fetal or neonatal life usually they are not seen by the pediatricians or cardiac surgeons. (2) The classification of the AVSD in fetus to a particular group of the prognostic classification of the fetal heart defects helps to plan perinatal management and supplies information regarding the prognosis. (3) The highest mortality rate was in a group of AVSD + ECM, probably due to shorter time of pregnancy duration, fetuses grow restriction and low Apgar score in 1 minute of life.

© ISUCT Publishing. Macrolide antibiotics represent a valuable class of broad-spectrum, high active natural compounds with polyketide structure. A well-known FOF1 ATP-synthase inhibitor,[1] namely oligomycin A (1), is a 26-membered α,β-unsaturatedpolyketide lactone with conjugated diene, fused to spiroketal moiety. Oligomycin A possesses strong antifungal, antiactinomycotic and cytotoxic activity, but lacks antibacterial activity. According to recent investigations, the development of anti-cancer drugs based on oligomycin A is quite perspective due to its high cytotoxic activity toward tumor cells, ability to inhibit a multidrug resistance protein p-gp and to prevent an activation of oncogenic K-Ras by inhibition of its localization at the plasma membrane.[2-4] However, high toxicity for mammalian cells and low water solubility are significant limitations of oligomycin A, making it unacceptable for clinical application. Chemical modification is a promising way to improve pharmacological properties of natural compounds. Recently we have found that site-selective modifications of oligomycin A afforded semi-synthetic derivatives with high antiproliferative activity against tumor cell lines[5-7] or selective antifungal activity against Candida spp.[8] and, at the same time, with lower toxicity toward mammalian cells. Also, semi-synthetic oligomycin A derivatives are useful tools for molecular genetic studies of additional targets for this family of antibiotics.[9,10] Previously Ramirez F. et al. have described the reaction of oligomycins with sodium borohydride resulting in mixture of diastereomeric 7-dihydro-and 7,11-tetrahydro derivatives without further separation and characterization of individual products.[11] Also, there is no data on biological activity of these reduced oligomycins against fungal/actinomycetes strains and tumor cell lines in article mentioned above. Thus, in this paper we report regio-and stereoselective methods for borohydride reduction of oligomycin A, structure determination of obtained derivatives and investigation of theirs antiproliferative, antifungal and antiactinomycotic properties. The feasibility of regio-and stereoselective reduction of C7-carbonyl group in a core structure of oligomycin A was proposed due to the presence of haptophilic hydroxyl groups[12] at C5 and C9 positions and sterical hindrance of C-11 carbonyl group. Actually, treatment of oligomycin A with bulky sodium triacetoxyborohydride in acetic acid according to the method[13] led to (7S)-dihydrooligomycin A (2) in a good yield. The second carbonyl group (C-11) reduced in more harsh conditions: only the extended treatment of (7S)-dihydrooligomycin A with sodium borohydride in ethanol give (7S,11R)-7,11-tetrahydrooligomycin A (3) as major product. Reaction proceeds with acceptable stere-oselectivity and gives tetrahydro derivative 3, but in low yield (35 %), which associated with low stability of oligomycins in basic conditions.[14] Structure of compounds 2 and 3 was confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS ESI) and NMR spectroscopy. Absolute configurations at C7 and C11 positions of obtained derivatives were unambiguously confirmed by observed interactions between neighboring protons in corresponding1H-1H ROESY spectra. Testing of antimicrobial properties of oligomycins 2 and 3 against Candida spp., filamentous fungi and S. fradiae (strain, extremely sensitive to oligomycins) that of the parent antibiotic in comparison with starting oligomycin A revealed that reduction of carbonyl groups led to decreasing of activity (except strain M. canis). Also, reduced derivatives 2, 3 were less potent against human colon carcinoma cell line HCT116 and its doxorubicin-resistant subline HCT116(-/-), while activity against leukemia cell line K562 and doxorubicin-resistant subline K562/4 retained at the same level as for 1. It might be pointed that biological properties of (7S)-dihydrooligomycin A and (7S,11R)-7,11-tetrahydrooligomycin A are quite similar, consequently C7-carbonyl group has a greater influence on biological activity of oligomycin A than C-11 carbonyl group.

© 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The current national immunization calendar is intended for the pediatric population; the general concept of adult immunization is absent, which does not protect target groups under the conditions of the changing epidemic situation and the state of population immunity. Objective - to substantiate and design a national vaccine schedule for adults. Material and methods. The investigation was conducted using the data available in the Russian and foreign literature, the assessments of the epidemic situation among the adult population in the Russian Federation, and the authors’ own studies. Results. The draft national adult immunization calendar consisting of two sections was designed and substantiated. The first section includes information on immunization of different age groups; the second contains that on immunization of groups at epidemiological and social risks. Conclusions. The introduction of the national adult immunization calendar and improvements in the institutional framework of vaccination will achieve further reductions in morbidity and mortality rates in the country.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group.All Rights Reserved. Aim. To analyze the association between the polymorphic markers in CTLA4, TNF, IL10 and IL16 genes and the risk of manifestation of endocrine ophthalmopathy (EO) in patients with Graves' disease (GD). Materials and methods. Case-control study included 248 patients with GD. Using polymerase chain reaction we studied the distribution of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic markers such as A60G (rs3087243) in CTLA4 gene, G(-308)A (rs1800629) in TNF gene, G(-1082)A (rs1800896) in IL10 gene, T3249C (rs4778641) in IL16 gene among 141 patients with Graves' disease and EO and 107 patients with GD without EO. Results and discussion. The frequencies of A alleles and the AA genotypes were significantly increased and the frequencies of G alleles and the GG genotype polymorphic markers rs3087243 of CTLA4 gene and rs1800896 of IL10 gene, as well as the GG genotype polymorphic marker rs1800629 of TNF gene were reduced in patients with GD and EO. The polymorphism in CTLA4 gene was also associated with the activity and the severity of EO. The comparative analysis of the allele and genotype frequency distribution of polymorphic markers of IL16 gene did not show the significant difference. Conclusion. The risk of manifestation and the development of EO in patients with Graves' disease can be caused by not only environmental, but also genetic risk factors.

AIM: To study the state of cerebral hemodynamics and platelet hemostasis in patients with carotid stenosis (CS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The prospective study included 123 patients with atherosclerotic CS. The 1st group included 53 patients (mean age 52±12.5 yrs) who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA); the 2nd group - 70 patients who were treated conservatively (mean age 58.5±15.9 yrs). The state of blood flow through the main arteries of the head (Doppler flowmetry), platelet aggregation induced by adrenaline, the frequency of acute cardiovascular events that occurred during 12 months were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The severity of neurological deficits and cognitive impairment increased with increasing of the degree of CS. CEA leads to an improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and stabilization of cognitive functions. The adverse course of the disease occurred in 23.6% of patients (stroke/heart attack during the year in 5.7%, progression of cerebral ischemia in 20%, restenosis within 5 years after CEA in 15%). Hyperaggregation of platelets induced by ADP and epinephrine and decreased aggregation of platelets induced by collagen in patients receiving ASA were identified in 53% of the operated and in 60% of non-operated patients. The use of combined antiplatelet therapy normalize the platelet hemostasis and reduce the frequency of acute cardiovascular events.

© 2018 Bentham Science Publishers. Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) has been recognized as the main cause of mortality in the modern world. Application of cell therapy technologies for the IHD treatment has been actively studied from the beginning of 2000s. The review is dedicated to the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the therapy of IHD. The strategies of the MSC modification in vitro for improvement of their regenerative potential are extensively discussed, including preconditioning to enhance the cell survival, boosting their paracrine effect and manipulating their car-diomyogenic differentiation. The optimization of the MSC delivery and opportunities related to the use of biomaterials as cell carriers are also discussed. The results of the most important clinical studies on the MSC-based IHD therapy are presented, including those completed and published in the literature and the ongoing clinical trials registered at clinicaltrials.gov by June 2018.

© Bionika Media Ltd. The article highlights the clinical and pathogenetic relationships between endometriosis/adenomyosis and chronic endometritis (CE) within reproductive failures. It describes a cause-and-effect relationship between endometriosis/ adenomyosis and CE by the example of its clinical symptomatology and the pathogenic mechanisms involving an autoimmune process, aseptic inflammation, and altered endometrial receptivity. Endometriosis/adenomyosis and CE have a number of common pathogenetic mechanisms of development and clinical manifestations (infertility, miscarriages, and assisted reproductive program failures). This implies the necessity to qualitatively assess the endometrium in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis during pregravid preparation, as well as the search for new therapeutic ways to correct autoimmune disorders. The use of sodium desoxyribonucleate (derinat) showing the pharmacological properties of an activator of the cellular and humoral immune system and a stimulator of reparative and regenerative processes is a promising approach to drug therapy.

© 2018, Modestum Ltd.. All rights reserved. Objective: The relevance of this study is due to the mass accreditation of health professionals that is developing in Russia, which requires innovative measurement tools and opens new opportunities for a well-founded cross-analysis of specialists’ professional readiness quality. Purpose of the study: The purpose of this article is to present approved methodical approaches to the transformation of accreditation data into a format suitable for secondary analysis of medical schools graduates quality based on the requirements of Professional Standards. Method: The leading methods of secondary data analysis are: a) codification of indicators in the primary data accumulation array; b) statistical processing of study results (evaluation of the relationships between the arrays of primary data accumulation and instrumental data, the correlation of test scores obtained by accreditation results with the labor functions of Professional Standards); c) the creation of representative samples for data analysis. The implementation of methods is carried out in the mode of working with arrays of big data, which also uses the method of cross-analysis to identify additional factors that affect to specialists’ professional readiness quality. Results: As a results of the research, there were: 1) approaches to the codification of data in the array and their secondary analysis were developed; 2) three samples were constructed with an estimation of representativeness for different strata, including subjects, assignments and corresponding labor functions; 3) the matrix of primary data in the specialty “Pediatrics” was verified using the example of the results of students from 50 medical universities in Russia. Conclusion: Approbation of methods of secondary data analysis conducted on representative samples of the subjects showed the effectiveness of the developed approaches that should be used when analyzing large data sets in the procedures of certification or accreditation. The materials of the article can be useful for specialists in the field of assessing the quality of education or assessing the professional readiness of health professionals, managers, professors and pedagogical staff of medical schools, specialists of centers for independent assessment of qualifications.

© 2018 Russian Electronic Journal of Radiology.All right reserved. Purpose: To study peculiarities of clinico-radiological and anatomico-topographic relationship of sciatic nerve and acetabulum. Materials and Methods: Two stages experimental research was conducted in vitro on 20 human corpses, died due to various reasons. Clinico-radiological study was carried out in vivo on 41 patients with injuries of sciatic nerve and acetabulum. Results: Research data can confidently state that topographic proximity of sciatic nerve to acetabulum especially to its posterior-upper edge determines high risk of nerve lesion at acetabulum fractures due to influence of bone fragments, formed hematoma, forming scars. Conclusion: Acetabulum fractures are potentially dangerous for possibility of simultaneous injury of sciatic nerve; in this case a patient has to be subjected to special examination with the purpose of his sciatic nerve status evaluation.

© 2018 Russian Electronic Journal of Radiology.All right reserved. Purpose: To analyze and organize the basic techniques to reduce radiation exposure to patients with computed tomography (CT) scan of the head, chest, abdomen and pelvis. Materials and methods: The analysis of publications was carried out on the databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine and RINC. Results: The variants of the use of CT of the head, chest, heart, abdominal and pelvic organs in multidisciplinary institutions with different methods of reducing the dose burden on patients have been analyzed. Conclusion: The factors used to reduce the dose for CT can be systematized in three main ways: 1) methods that depend on the attending physician, radiologist and CT staff; 2) parameters of the research protocol; 3) features of CT-devices and software. Considering the factors reducing the radiation dose of patients in support of the need for CT examination, choice of parameters of the CT protocol, CT devices and software allows to significantly reduce the radiation burden on patients (by 10-78%) without compromising the quality of CT images. The development of methods to reduce the dose of irradiation of patients is extremely urgent, especially in screening, multiple CT studies and CT with contrast.

© 2018 Stolichnaya Izdatelskaya Kompaniya. All rights reserved. The urgency of the problem of orthostatic hypotension (OH) has increased in recent years. It was due to the high prevalence and its adverse effect on the prognosis and quality of life of patients, especially the elderly and oldest old. The purpose of this review was to summarize the contemporary domestic and foreign literature data about disease. The article presents an updated definition of OH, modern classification, pathophysiology, feature of the course of OH in the elderly, recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Particular attention is paid to reviewing the results of scientific research on the influence of OH on the risk of developing coronary and cerebrovascular events and overall mortality. OH is one of the forms of orthostatic tolerance and diagnostic criteria were determined by the 2011 Consensus as a sustained fall of systolic blood pressure by at least 20 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg within 3 min of standing. The prevalence of OH ranges depending on the age of the patients and the presence of a number of concomitant diseases: from 6% in healthy people without arterial hypertension up to 50% or more in people older than 75 years with a comorbid pathology. OH is an independent predictor of overall mortality and adverse cardiovascular events. OH is associated with an increased risk of serious adverse cerebrovascular and coronary events, and may also contribute to cognitive impairment and the development of dementia. For today, we have three clinical options OH: classical, early and delayed OH. In addition, OH is classified based on etiology-primary and secondary; and pathophysiological principle-neurogenic OH and not a neurogenic OH (or functional). The algorithm for identifying patients with a high risk of development of OH and diagnostic methods are also presented. Non-medicamentous and medicamentous methods of OH treatment are considered.

© Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Objective: to investigate the influence of the aesthetic component of dental health on the anxiety level and quality of life of socially active elderly patients. Patients and methods. A total of 32 patients aged 60 to 67 years who had a poor aesthetic appearance of the hard tissues of the front teeth were followed up. All the patients underwent determination of anxiety levels by the Spielberger-Hanin procedure and assessment of quality of life using an abbreviated 26-item version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF-26) questionnaire; the updated Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was also used. Aesthetic rehabilitation of vital front teeth was carried out using photo composite materials made in Russian and foreign countries. Results. Before treatment, the state anxiety scores were 54±1.4 scores; the trait anxiety ones were 41±1.2 scores; at 1 week after treatment, these were 42±0.5 and 39±0.6, respectively (p ≤ 0.05 for both indicators), and at 6 months, these were 44±0.5 and 43±0.7, respectively. Conclusion. The aesthetic component of dental health in socially active elderly patients is directly proportional to quality of life and inversely proportional to the level of trait or state anxiety. Russian and foreign photo composite restorative materials showed equal sustained performance.

© Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Botulinum toxin injection therapy is the mainstay for managing patients with motor manifestations of dystonia. It is important to identify possible cognitive and mental disorders, sleep and perceptual disorders (non-motor disorders) in these patients. Correction of these disorders will be able to optimize treatment and to improve quality of life of patients.

© 2018 The Authors Recent years have witnessed the development of an enormous variety of hydrogel-based systems for neuroregeneration. Formed from hydrophilic polymers and comprised of up to 90% of water, these three-dimensional networks are promising tools for brain tissue regeneration. They can assist structural and functional restoration of damaged tissues by providing mechanical support and navigating cell fate. Hydrogels also show the potential for brain injury therapy due to their broadly tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties. Hydrogel polymers, which have been extensively implemented in recent brain injury repair studies, include hyaluronic acid, collagen type I, alginate, chitosan, methylcellulose, Matrigel, fibrin, gellan gum, self-assembling peptides and proteins, poly(ethylene glycol), methacrylates, and methacrylamides. When viewed as tools for neuroregeneration, hydrogels can be divided into: (1) hydrogels suitable for brain injury therapy, (2) hydrogels that do not meet basic therapeutic requirements and (3) promising hydrogels which meet the criteria for further investigations. Our analysis shows that fibrin, collagen I and self-assembling peptide-based hydrogels display very attractive properties for neuroregeneration.

© 2018 European Association of Urology Background: The use of internal urethrotomy for treatment of urethral stricture remains a controversial topic in urology. Objective: To investigate outcomes and predictors of failure for internal urethrotomy as primary treatment for untreated bulbar urethral strictures. Design, setting, and participants: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent internal urethrotomy. Patients with bulbar urethral stricture who did not receive any previous treatment were included. Patients with traumatic, penile or posterior urethral strictures, lichen sclerosus, failed hypospadias repair, or stricture length >4 cm were excluded. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The primary outcome was treatment failure. Kaplan-Meyer plots were used to depict treatment failure–free survival. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to test the association between predictors (age, body mass index, diabetes, history of smoking, etiology, stenosis type and length, preoperative maximum flow [pQmax]) and treatment failure. Results and limitations: Overall, 136 patients were included. The median stricture length was 2 cm. Median follow-up was 55 mo. At 5-yr follow-up the failure-free survival rate was 57%. On univariate analysis, diabetes, nonidiopathic etiology, stricture length of 3–4 cm, and pQmax were significantly associated with treatment failure. These predictors were included in a multivariable analysis, in which pQmax was the only significant predictor of treatment failure. Conclusions: Failure of internal urethrotomy for untreated bulbar urethral strictures greatly depends on pQmax flow at uroflowmetry. Patients with pQmax > 8 ml/s have a high probability of success, while patients with pQmax <5 ml/s have a low probability of success. Patient summary: The use of internal urethrotomy in patients with an untreated bulbar urethral stricture should only be considered in selected cases. The use of internal urethrotomy in patients with untreated bulbar urethral stricture should be suggested only in selected cases.

© 2018 Limited Liability Company KlinMed Consulting. All Rights Reserved. The article describes the definition of dementia, its diagnostic criteria, classification. Differences in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of different types of dementia are considered. The issues of interrelation of arterial hypertension and the risk of development of cognitive disorders and dementia in old and very old people are discussed in detail. Data on the effect of antihypertensive drugs of different groups on the risk of dementia and the state of cognitive functions are presented. The evidence base of dihydropyridine calcium antagonist amlodipine and thiazide-like diuretic indapamide-retard is discussed with respect to the prevention of dementia and cognitive decline and their beneficial effect on cognitive function in patients with arterial hypertension.