Репозиторий Университета

© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Cluster headache is a disorder with increased hereditary risk. Associations between cluster headache and polymorphism rs2653349 of the HCRTR2 gene have been demonstrated. The less common allele (A) seems to reduce disease susceptibility. The polymorphism rs5443 of the GNB3 gene positively influences triptan treatment response. Carriers of the mutated T allele are more likely to respond positively compared to C:C homozygotes, when treated with triptans. DNA was extracted from buccal swabs obtained from 636 non-related Southeastern European Caucasian individuals and was analyzed by real-time PCR. Gene distribution for the rs2653349 was G:G = 79.1%, G:A = 19.2%, and A:A = 1.7%. The frequency of the wild-type G allele was 88.7%. The frequencies for rs5443 were C:C = 44.0%, C:T = 42.6%, and T:T = 13.4%. The frequency of the wild-type C allele was 65.3%. The frequency distribution of rs2653349 in the Southeastern European Caucasian population differs significantly when compared with other European and East Asian populations, and the frequency distribution of rs5443 showed a statistically significant difference between Southeastern European Caucasian and African, South Asian, and East Asian populations. For rs2653349, a marginal statistically significant difference between genders was found (p = 0.080) for A:A versus G:G and G:A genotypes (OR = 2.78), indicating a higher representation of male homozygotes for the protective mutant A:A allele than female. No statistically significant difference was observed between genders for rs5443. Cluster headache pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy response may be affected by genetic factors, indicating the significant role of genotyping in the overall treatment effectiveness of cluster headaches.

© 2017 IEEE. This paper describes the early period in the development of Soviet digital computers and R&D policy in this field (late 1940s - mid 1950s). The authors focus on the Soviet scientists and economic executives' awareness of the new types of computing machines, their initial application area - the Soviet Atomic Project, and the conditions in which the first computers were made. The Atomic Project leaders realized the value of the new machines but were planning to use only the limited number of them.

© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Herein the stereoselective two-step synthesis of pure exo-5-trimethylsilylnorbornene is reported. The monomer proved to be highly reactive in both metathesis and addition polymerization. ROMP polymerization was catalyzed by the first-generation Grubbs catalyst. High-molecular-weight saturated addition polymers were prepared using nickel or palladium complexes as precatalysts and Na+[B(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)4]− and/or MAO as cocatalysts. The obtained addition polynorbornenes are highly gas permeable and microporous materials possessing large free volume and BET surface area (up to 540 m2/g). The influence of the substituent orientation (exo- vs. exo-/endo-mixture) on polymer properties was established. The metathesis polymer based on exo-isomer exhibits 1.5- to 2-fold increase of permeability coefficients for all gases in comparison to the similar polymer based on the mixture of exo- and endo-isomers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1234–1248.

© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. The levels of pollution by heavy metals and arsenic in top soil layers and medicinal plant raw materials in Voronezh Region were studied using Urtica dioica and Plantago major leaves as examples. The analyses were carried out using atomic absorption spectrometry on a graphite-furnace MGA-915MD spectrometer. Samples were collected from districts with different anthropogenic impacts across the whole region. Leaves of P. major characteristically had the highest coefficients of accumulation from the soil for Cd, As, and Ni. Leaves of U. dioica typically had high accumulation coefficients for Ni.

© 2018, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science. All rights reserved. Two sets of reactants for modelling neurogenesis (SRMN) were developed based on the designed and tested genetic structures of lentiviral vectors. SRMN-1 contains the genetic construct LVV-GFAP-GCaMP3 and is intended for cellspecific transduction in astroglia cells. SRMN-2 contains the genetic construct LVV-PRSx8-TN-XXL and is intended for the phenotype-specific transduction in neurons. The present study examined SRMN-1 and SRMN-2 samples and assessed their efficiency in vitro and in vivo in Norvegicus rats. Specificity to particular cell types for all SRMN samples exceeded 97%. The number of induced signalling cascades was determined via activation of intracellular ingsignalling cascades in neurons and astrocytes (purinergic receptors and β-adrenoceptors). The results demonstrated dynamic recording of fluorescent signals and a two-fold increase in intensity after addition of the activator in all samples. The experimental SRMN samples revealed successful and stable transfection of catecholaminergic neurons and astrocytes, data on transfection efficiency, specificity of the developed genetic structures of SRMN, and calcium dynamics in transfected neurons and astrocytes.

© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of migraine based on the principles of evidence-based medicine are presented. The latest edition of the International Classification of Migraine is provided. Diagnostic methods and criteria are oriented to discriminating different types of migraine. Recommendations are given on the basis of data on the epidemiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine. The most effective medication-based and non-medication-based approaches to the management of migraine patients are discussed.

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Background: Hospitalization is an opportunity to optimize heart failure (HF) therapy. As optimal treatment for hospitalized HF patients in sinus rhythm with heart rate ≥ 70 bpm is unclear, we investigated the impact of combined beta-blocker (BB) and ivabradine versus BBs alone on short and longer term mortality and rehospitalization. Methods and results: A retrospective analysis was performed on 370 hospitalized HF patients with heart rate ≥ 70 bpm (150 BB + ivabradine, 220 BB alone) in the Optimize Heart Failure Care Program in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan, from October 2015 to April 2016. Results: At 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, there were fewer deaths, HF hospitalizations and overall hospitalizations in patients on BB + ivabradine vs BBs alone. At 12 months, all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization was significantly lower with BB + ivabradine than BBs (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.64, P < 0.0001). Significantly greater improvement was seen in quality of life (QOL) from admission to 12 months with BB + ivabradine vs BBs alone (P = 0.0001). With BB + ivabradine, significantly more patients achieved ≥ 50% target doses of BBs at 12 months than on admission (82.0% vs 66.6%, P = 0.0001), but the effect was non-significant with BBs alone. Conclusions: Heart rate lowering therapy with BB + ivabradine started in hospitalized HF patients (heart rate ≥ 70 bpm) is associated with reduced overall mortality and re-hospitalization over the subsequent 12 months. A prospective randomized trial is needed to confirm the advantages of this strategy.

© 2018 Brzecka, Leszek, Ashraf, Ejma, ávila-Rodriguez, Yarla, Tarasov, Chubarev, Samsonova, Barreto and Aliev. Sleep disturbances, as well as sleep-wake rhythm disturbances, are typical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that may precede the other clinical signs of this neurodegenerative disease. Here, we describe clinical features of sleep disorders in AD and the relation between sleep disorders and both cognitive impairment and poor prognosis of the disease. There are difficulties of the diagnosis of sleep disorders based on sleep questionnaires, polysomnography or actigraphy in the AD patients. Typical disturbances of the neurophysiological sleep architecture in the course of the AD include deep sleep and paradoxical sleep deprivation. Among sleep disorders occurring in patients with AD, the most frequent disorders are sleep breathing disorders and restless legs syndrome. Sleep disorders may influence circadian fluctuations of the concentrations of amyloid-β in the interstitial brain fluid and in the cerebrovascular fluid related to the glymphatic brain system and production of the amyloid-β. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that disordered sleep contributes to cognitive decline and the development of AD pathology. In this mini-review, we highlight and discuss the association between sleep disorders and AD.

AIM: To evaluate early prostate cancer cryoablation functional and oncological results in comparison with results of extraperitoneoscopic radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed early results of surgical treatment of 285 patients with prostate cancer: 42 of them had undergone total cryoablation (Group 1) while the rest of them had been treated by radical laparo- and extraperitoneoscopic prostatectomy. For comparative assessment of prostate cryoablation results, 42 patients from Group 2 randomized in accordance with their age, stage of disease, Gleason, prostate-specific antigen, and prostate volume were selected. In compliance with the results of pre-surgical examination, all the patients had low oncological risk and were not concerned in sexual function. Volume of prostate was from 22 to 65 cm3, prostate-specific antigen level was from 4.1 to 10 ng/mL, and level of neoplastic process differentiation using Gleason grading system was from 6 to 7a (3 + 4) scores. RESULTS: Patients after prostate cryoablation in early post-surgical period felt lower intensity of postoperative pain compared with those who had undergone prostatectomy. Follow-up period up to 12 months manifested significant true reduction of prostate-specific antigen level in both groups of patients. Frequency of stress-induced enuresis in Group 1 was not observed. CONCLUSION: Radical prostatectomy is still the traditional treatment of choice in the case of localized prostate cancer. But we can draw the conclusion that cryoablation is an effective low-invasive method for treatment of low oncological risk patients, which gives the opportunity both to achieve good oncological results and to preserve high life quality.

© 2018 Vitebsk State Medical University. All rights reserved. The aim of this review is a detailed description of the alleged mechanisms of involving the adrenal glands, as a key element of the system of nonspecific protection of an organism and adaptation to stress, in the pathogenesis of clinical manifestations of acute small bowel obstruction and developing complications, including peritonitis, sepsis and multiple organ failure. In the discussion of the pathogenesis of clinical manifestations of acute small bowel obstruction and its complications, leading to the disappointing results of treatment of patients on a large sample of contemporary scientific publications, it is noted that many researchers see a close connection between the influence of various stress effects on humans and the functioning of internal organs and systems. It is demonstrated that in the literature there is growing evidence of the negative effects of stress and related affective disorders on the course of inflammatory bowel diseases and gastrointestinal tract, which is one of the targets of stress, and hormones of the hypothalamicpituitary- adrenal system, especially the adrenal glands take an active part in the mediation of these reactions. The conducted analysis of the current literature demonstrates a large number of unsolved issues in this direction, that proves the need for a comprehensive experimental and morphological studies to clarify and detail all pathogenetic links of dependent morpho-functional transformations in the dynamics of development of acute small bowel obstruction which may lead to adrenal insufficiency and disruption of adaptation mechanisms that maintain the stability of homeostasis.

© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are widely used in medical practice. LMWHs are produced using various methods of controlled depolymerization of unfractionated heparin (UFH). Herein, a method for radiation-induced destruction of aqueous heparin solutions using a 60Co gamma-irradiation source is presented. The optimal conditions for depolymerization of starting heparin were found. The anticoagulant activity of LMWHs was studied as a function of irradiation dose. The results allowed this LMWH production method to be recommended for development of new anticoagulants.

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Biological effects of hormones in both plants and animals are based on high-affinity interaction with cognate receptors resulting in their activation. The signal of cytokinins, classical plant hormones, is perceived in Arabidopsis by three homologous membrane receptors: AHK2, AHK3, and CRE1/AHK4. To study the cytokinin–receptor interaction, we used 25 derivatives of potent cytokinin N6-benzyladenine (BA) with substituents in the purine heterocycle and/or in the side chain. The study was focused primarily on individual cytokinin receptors from Arabidopsis. The main in planta assay system was based on Arabidopsis double mutants retaining only one isoform of cytokinin receptors and harboring cytokinin-sensitive reporter gene. Classical cytokinin biotest with Amaranthus seedlings was used as an additional biotest. In parallel, the binding of ligands to individual cytokinin receptors was assessed in the in vitro test system. Quantitative comparison of results of different assays confirmed the partial similarity of ligand-binding properties of receptor isoforms. Substituents at positions 8 and 9 of adenine moiety, elongated linker up to 4 methylene units, and replacement of N6 by sulfur or oxygen have resulted in the suppression of cytokinin activity of the derivative toward all receptors. Introduction of a halogen into position 2 of adenine moiety, on the contrary, often increased the ligand activity, especially toward AHK3. Features both common and distinctive of cytokinin receptors in Arabidopsis and Amaranthus were revealed, highlighting species specificity of the cytokinin perception apparatus. Correlations between the extent to which a compound binds to a receptor in vitro and its ability to activate the same receptor in planta were evaluated for each AHK protein. Interaction patterns between individual receptors and ligands were rationalized by structure analysis and molecular docking in sensory modules of AHK receptors. The best correlation between docking scores and specific binding was observed for AHK3. In addition, receptor-specific ligands have been discovered with unique properties to predominantly activate or block distinct cytokinin receptors. These ligands are promising for practical application and as molecular tools in the study of the cytokinin perception by plant cells.

BACKGROUND: total hip replacement has long ago become the «golden standard» for the treatment of dysplastic coxarthrosis in thousands of the patients receiving it every year. In the meantime, the analysis of the specialized literature gives evidence of the lack of a systematic and personified approach to the rehabilitation treatment. AIM: The objective of the present study was to improve medical rehabilitation of the patients following the total hip replacement and to develop the personalized programs for walking modality reconstruction taking into consideration the age and the body weight of the patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 240 patients were available for the observation including 184 women and 56 men. They were divided into three study groups and one control group, with the differentiation into the following three subgroups: one comprised of the patients of moderate acerage age and body weight, the other containing the obese patients (BMI>35), and the third one involving the elderly patients (age >70 years); each subgroup consisted of 20 patients. All the patients received the early basic rehabilitation treatment, those in the study groups had to perform in addition the robotic training based on the use of hardware techniques supplemented by passive mechanotherapy and electromyostimulation designed to restore the walking stereotype with three types of devices: body weight unloading, video-reconstruction associated with biological feedback and robototherapy. RESULTS: The comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various methods of gait reconstruction has demonstrated the high effectiveness of the application of the hardware technique in the patients of moderate acerage age and body weight. At the same time, the elderly patients had a significantly higher rate of successful walking reconstruction efficiency under the influence of the video-associated training with biological feedback (3 times that achieved with training using the device for unloading the body weight and 4 times compared with the result of a course of robotic walk. The evaluation of the application of the techniques for the gait stereotype reconstruction in the obese patients gave evidence of the advantage of the Lokomat robotic trainings that produced 6 times better results than unloading of the body weight and 5 times better ones than the video-associated training with biological feedback. DISCUSSION: The results of the present study are on the whole comparable with the data reported by other authors although its design was different from that of the majority of the published studies in that our patients were allocated to different subgroups for the further personalization of the methods applied to restore the gait stereotype. The factors limiting the use of the results of this study include the medium-high level of the patients' welfare most of whom are residents of the city of Moscow and Moscow region characterized by a relatively high quality and accessibility of health care. It means that the results of such studies as the one described in the present article are directly related to the quality and accessibility of health care and can be extrapolated only to the socially safe and well-to-do patients. CONCLUSIONS: All the hardware techniques are equally effective in the patients of moderate average age and body weight. The elderly patients showed the best results using the video-reconstruction associated with biological feedback, while the Locomat technique was especially useful for the obese patients.

© 2017 Taylor  &  Francis. In this study, we tested a hypothesis that a short-term estradiol therapy may reduce blood pressure in preeclampsia by modulating plasma oxidative stress. The intramuscular injections of 10 mg 17-beta-estradiol were prescribed to preeclamptic pregnant women during the 3-day therapy before a labor induction. The analyses of mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum estradiol concentrations, plasma superoxide anion (O2.), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitrites (NO2−), and peroxynitrite (ONOO−) were conducted before and during the therapy. We found that the plasma concentrations of oxidative stress markers, such as O2– and H2O2, are higher in preeclampsia and positively correlated with the MAP value. Moreover, it was shown that the plasma concentration of NO2– as an indicator of NO levels is higher in preeclampsia. A short-term intramuscular application of estradiol decreases the MAP value and the plasma concentration of O.–, H2O2, NO2−, and ONOO– in preeclampsia. A positive correlation between the decrease of MAP values and the decrease of plasma concentrations of O2–, H2O2, and ONOO– was found in preeclampsia during a short-term estradiol therapy. We conclude that the short-term estradiol therapy decreases the MAP value in preeclampsia by modulating the plasma oxidative stress. We speculate that the estradiol metabolism in preeclampsia is an important mechanism that contributes to vascular dysfunction.

© The Author(s) 2018. Earlier studies have shown that combination of antibodies to S100 protein and to cannabinoid receptor type 1 in released-active form (Brizantin) may possess anxiolytic properties and decrease nicotine dependence. Released-active form of antibodies is a novel approach that permits to modify natural functions of the target molecule (antigen) under investigation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anxiolytic-like effect of Brizantin in the light–dark test in mice, according to its ability to influence the number of entries into the lit compartment and the total time spent there. Three doses of Brizantin (2.5, 5, and 10 mL/kg) were compared with diazepam (1 mg/kg), placebo, and vehicle control. Anxiolytic-like effect of the tested drug was shown to be dose dependent, with an increasing trend from 2.5 to 10 mL/kg. Brizantin in its highest dose significantly increased studied behavioral parameters, although its effect was less pronounced than that of the reference drug diazepam (1 mg/kg).

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. KISS1 tumor suppressor protein regulates cancer cell invasion via MMP9 metalloproteinase. Downregulation of KISS1 gene expression promotes progression of breast cancer and melanoma, resulting in the development of distant metastases. In the current study, we investigated whether restoration of KISS1 expression in KISS1-deficient human metastatic breast cancer cells holds potential as an advanced anticancer strategy. To this end we engineered an infectivity-enhanced conditionally-replicative human adenovirus type 5 encoding KISS1 as an “arming” transgene in the Ad5 E3 region for an ectopic KISS1 expression in transduced cancer cells. The oncolytic potential of the vector was examined using brain-invading metastatic clones of CN34 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, which supported high levels of AdKISS1 replication, correlating with a robust CRAd-mediated cytotoxicity. Secretion of cellular factors responsible for tumor angiogenesis, cell-to-cell communication and anti-tumoral immune responses upon KISS1 expression in breast cancer cells was analyzed by a RayBiotech Kiloplex Quantibody array. Overall, our results indicate that KISS1 transgene expression provides an important benefit for CRAd-mediated cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells and holds potential as an anticancer treatment in conjunction with oncolytic virotherapy of breast and other metastatic cancers.

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Two series of palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes featuring esters of tetrazol-1-yl and tetrazol-5-ylacetic acids {trans-[PdCl2L2] and trans-[PtCl2L2], L = 5-methyl-1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetic acid and its ethyl, butyl, isobutyl esters (1–5); 2-R-2H-tetrazol-5-ylacetic acid and its ethyl esters, R = tBu, CH2CH2OH (6–10)} were synthesized and their binding to calf-thymus DNA (CT DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied by means of experimental (CD, UV, viscometry, fluorometric and electrophoretic techniques) and theoretical methods. According to the spectrophotometric data, the interaction of the metal complexes with CT DNA is observed. The significant increase of melting point of CT DNA in the presence of the metal complexes (ΔTm = 8–13 °C) indicates strong stabilization of the DNA helix. Electrophoretic studies demonstrate the ability of the metal complexes to interact with pBR322 plasmid DNA and to change its mobility. According to the data of the fluorescence quenching technique, binding with constants (Kbin) of Pd(II) complexes with BSA are in the range 0.83–4.12 × 105 L M−1. The molecular docking studies show the minor groove binding behavior of tetrazole-containing palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes to DNA (ΔGbinding. −5.56 − −6.12 kcal/mol) and effective binding to BSA via the favored binding site Trp213 (ΔGbinding −7.2 − −7.56 kcal/mol). The complex trans-[PtCl2(2-tert-butyl-tetrazol-5-ylacetic acid)2] exhibited noticeable antiproliferative activity in two human cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 11.40 µM in HT-29 cells and 11.02 µM in MDA-MB-231 cell line.

© 2017 IEEE. The paper presents the study of the effect of radiation dose due to gamma background from construction materials in the Volgograd region on the exposure of the population and the identification of possible impacts. Methods to protect the population from the effects of natural radionuclides are suggested. Direct studies have established the absorbed dose rate of the Volgograd region inside wooden, brick and concrete buildings in Volgograd region. The analysis of the frequency distribution of the effective specific activity of natural radionuclides in building materials was conducted. It was found that the population of the Volgograd region is exposed to more radiation from building materials than in Russia on average. It is found that the dose received by the human body over a long period, results in a more serious injury than the same dose received in a short period.

Despite a steady tendency of decreasing of indices of morbidity of tuberculosis of population of the Chechen Republic, the problems related to early diagnosis of tuberculosis and organization of specialized medical care of patients continue to be unresolved. The questionnaire survey of administrators of anti-tuberculosis medical organizations of the Chechen Republic was carried out with the purpose of establishing difficulties in medical care support of patients with tuberculosis and determining main directions of their overcoming. The results of study demonstrated that main problems are asocial behavior of patients, inadequate staffing of institutions with medical and paramedical personnel, absence of proper relationship with other medical organizations, inadequate level of financing. The administrators indicated as main directions of solving problems increasing of remuneration of labor of medical personnel of anti-tuberculosis medical organizations, development of social defense of patients, physicians and population, alteration of actual normative legal base according to modern social economic conditions, enhancement of preventive direction of work, optimization of manning table and standards of work load of physicians and also development of tactics of treatment and re-organization of dispensary observation of patients with tuberculosis.

© 2018 Meditsina Publishers. All rights reserved. Results of medico-sociological studying of level of readiness of Russians for vaccination against HIV- infection/AIDS are presented in article. The conducted research shows that now HIV- infection is associated at Russians with consumption of drugs and insufficient social responsibility of youth and also with risks at delivery of health care and implementation of cosmetic procedures. Authors note that in spite of the fact that development of vaccine against HIV-infection/AIDS is represented to the interviewed Russians one of possible ways of overcoming epidemic, respondents perceive personal participation in vaccination against HIV- infection/AIDS as a high-risk step.