Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 ABC-press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Background. Pelvic floor muscle exercises are used as a first-line treatment for urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Their efficacy is still being investigated. The use of biofeedback when teaching pelvic floor muscle exercises to patients increases the effectiveness of therapy. Objective: to assess the efficacy of biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training in patients with urinary incontinence after laparoscopic and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and to compare the results of teaching. Materials and methods. A total of 64 patients with urinary incontinence after nerve sparing prostatectomy underwent biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation. Radical laparoscopic surgery was performed in 48 (75 %) patients, whereas robot-assisted surgery was performed in 16 (25 %) patients. The patients started their training 2 months postoperatively. We used two-channel electromyography with the Neurotrack ETS system (United Kingdom) to teach the patients isolated pelvic floor muscle contractions. After achieving a minimum activity of abdominal muscles during pelvic floor muscle contractions, the patients started exercises. Results. There was no significant difference in age between patients who underwent laparoscopic and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (р = 0.79). Fifty-five patients (85.9%) acquired the skill of isolated pelvic floor muscle contractions and could perform training on their own. The remaining 9 patients (14.1 %) required regular support from healthcare professionals at an outpatient unit (1-2 biofeedback-assisted trainings per month). Thus, the type of surgery did not affect the process of training. The type of radical prostatectomy had no impact on the acquisition of the pelvic floor muscle contraction skill. Conclusion. The time for restoration of urinary continence by biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training did not vary between patients after laparoscopic and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The results of a clinical study showing the importance of surfactant proteins A and D in assessing the activity and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic lung sarcoidosis are presented. Aim. To study the clinical significance of SP-A, SP-D in assessing the activity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis. We examined 81 patients with morphologically confirmed diagnoses of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ILF) and sarcoidosis, a control group of 20 healthy individuals. The MSCT of the thoracic organs of the chest was performed, the diffusivity of the lungs was examined, oxygen saturation was determined. In the serum, the surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. A significant increase in SP-A and SP-D (p<0.05) was observed in patients compared with patients in the control group, a direct correlation was found with signs of activity: SP-A with alveolitis (p<0.05), SP- D with progressive fibrosis (p<0.05), inverse correlation of surfactant proteins with respiratory function indices (p<0.05). Conclusion. Serological parameters of SP-A and SP-D reflect the activity of alveolitis and the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with ILF and sarcoidosis.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The article presents a clinical observation of two patients with generalized sarcoidosis. The woman typical granulomatous changes in the lungs and lymph nodes combined with atrial fibrillation, kidney failure and hereditary thrombophilia, men with atherosclerotic coronary arteries, re-myocardial infarction, cholestasis, tubulointerstitial nephritis. The accession of systemic manifestations was accompanied by increase of level of angiotensin-converting enzyme in the blood serum, morphological examination of lung tissue in both cases there were high histological activity of vasculitis and granulomatous inflammation. Extrapulmonary symptoms regressed when conducting immuno-suppressive therapy. Discusses modern aspects of diagnosis of sarcoidosis in clinical practice.

© 2018 SPIE. In this work, tissue-engineered structures based on a matrix of protein conjugates, chitosan and carbon nanotubes were prepared and studied. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), bovine collagen (BCrossed D sign¡) were used. Two types of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used to form a strong internal scaffold in a protein-chitosan matrix under the action of laser radiation. Tissue-engineered structures were created by means of layered deposition and laser evaporation of the initial aqueous dispersion from SWCNT, BSA, BC and chitosan succinate. As sources of laser radiation, a continuous diode laser with a wavelength of 810 nm and a pulsed fiber laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and frequency of 80 kHz were used. Studies of tissue-engineered structures were carried out using vibrational spectroscopy methods (IR and Raman). The changes in the frequencies and intensities of the corresponding absorption bands and Raman lines of the amide group oscillations were analyzed. IR spectra of tissue-engineered structures demonstrated a high degree of binding of organic (protein, chitosan) and inorganic (SWCNT) components. The structure and defectiveness of the carbon nanotube scaffold were investigated in the Raman spectra.

© 2018 GEOTAR Media. All rights reserved. A monocenter randomized comparative study, based on 96 patients with inguinal hernia, was undertaken. All patients were divided into two groups according to the type of mesh prosthesis that was used in hernioplasty with the Lichtenstein technique: lightweight polyester monofilament mesh Parietex™ and standard monofilament polypropylene mesh Parietene™ (both Covidien, USA). We found out that during early postoperative period the intensity of pain syndrome and local tissue reactions do not fundamentally depend on the type of applied mesh prosthesis. It was concluded that in prosthetic hernioplasty the use of lightweight synthetic materials in stead of standard polypropylene mesh prosthesis leads to a significant reduction of pain intensity and duration, sense of discomfort, minimal limitation of patient activity during a long-term postoperative period.

© 2018 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved. There were studied the impact of selective antagonist of the mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO 18 kDa) PK11195 (N-butan-2-yl-l-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methylisoquinoline-3-carboxamide; 1 or 3 mg/kg, i.p.) and 5α-reductase inhibitor finasteride (1.25; 2.5; 5 mg/kg, i.p.) on anticonvulsive effect of pyrazole[c]pyridine derivative GIZH-72 (4,6-dimethyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-l//-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-3-one chloralhydrate, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) in marble burying test in C57BL/6 mice. It is established that PK11195 (1 or 3 mg/kg, i.p.) had no effects on both compulsive behavior of mice and anticompulsive effect of GIZH-72 (20 mg/kg, i.p.). Finasteride (2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg) decreased of compulsive behavior in the dose-dependent manner in C57BL/6 mice. Pretreatment with finasteride (2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg, i.p.) led to completely reduction of anticompulsive effect of GIZH-72 (20 mg/kg, i.p.). Thus, anticompulsive effect of GIZH-72 may depend on activity of 5α-reductase, but not TSPO 18 kDa.

© 2018 Media Sfera. All rights reserved. Bioinorganic chemical composition of the lens of human and experimental animals (cows, dogs, rats, rabbits) have been analyzed in various studies. In most cases, the studies employed different methods to determine the gross (total) composition of chemical elements and their concentrations in the examined samples. Less frequently, they included an assessment of the distribution of chemical elements in the lens and correlation of their concentration with its morphological changes. Chemical elements from all groups (series) of the periodic classification system were discovered in the lens substance. Despite similar investigation methods, different authors obtained contradicting results on the chemical composition of the lens. This article presents data suggesting possible correlation between inorganic chemical elements in the lens substance with the development and formation of lenticular opacities. All currently employed methods are known to only analyze limited number of select chemical elements in the tissues and do not consider the whole range of elements that can be analyzed with existing technology; furthermore, the majority of studies are conducted on the animal model lens. Therefore, it is feasible to continue the development of the chemical microanalysis method by increasing the sensitivity of Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) with the purpose of assessing the gross chemical composition and distribution of the elements in the lens substance, as well as revealing possible correlation between element concentration and morphological changes in the lens.

© 2018 ABC-press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Objective: to compare the predictive value of RENAL, PADUA, C-index nephrometry score systems according to projection of complexity of operative measure in terms of warm ischaemic time, extent of blood loss and rate of postoperative complications. Materials and methods. Information for the research was collected from 314 patients with localized kidney cancer, who had laparoscopic partial nephrectomy from January 2012 to May 2017. In 210 (66.8 %) cases, in addition to the routine examinations, 3D modelling and operative measure planning were carried out. The average tumor volume of the patients was equal to 62.5 ± 33.5 mm3. All patients before the operation were estimated the complexity of operative measure on the nephrometry score systems: PADUA, RENAL, C-index. The average sum of balls according to scale RENAL - 7.56 ± 1.12, on scale PADUA - 7.98 ± 1.55, on scale C-index - 2.76 ± 1.14. Then in retrospect by the method of logistic regression analysis was determined predictive value of RENAL, PADUA, C-index nephrometry score systems for prediction of warm ischaemic time, duration of operative measure, extent of intraoperative blood loss and possibility of rate of postoperative complications. Results. In 265 (84.4) cases transperitoneal approach was perfomed and in 49 (15.6 %) cases it was retroperitoneal approach. The average time of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is 140.15 ± 55.8 min, the average time of ischaemic warm is 13.35 ± 7,65 min. The average extent of blood loss during the laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is 291.95 ± 196.5 ml. Intraoperative complications were found in 8 (2.54 %) cases. Postoperative complications were estimated according to the Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications and were found in 31 (9.9 %) cases, among them 12 (3.8 %) patients had surgical complications. The index of the RENAL nephrometry scoring system had the highest predictive value in the multivariant analysis for warm ischaemic time, extent of intraoperative blood loss and possibility of development after complications (p = 0.049; 0.028; 0.046). None of indices were significant for multivariant analysis of prognosis the duration of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. The indices of the RENAL (p = 0.032) and C-index (p = 0.040) nephrometry score systems were significant for univariate analysis of prognosis the duration of the laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Conclusion. The usage of RENAL, PADUA, C-index nephrometry score systems is useful for the prediction of warm ischaemic time, extent of blood loss, duration of operative measure and possibility of rate of postoperative complications at laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. According to our data the index of RENAL nephrometry scoring system has the highest predictive value. Applications of 3D modelling for counting nephrometry indices in preoperative period makes the process of counting balls easier on all three nephrometry score systems.

© 2018 Vitebsk State Medical University. All rights reserved. Objective: To study the functional activity and cytoarchitectonics of neutrophilic granulocytes by the atomic force microscopy technique in the patients with mechanical jaundice of benign genesis of varying severity. Methods: The subject of the study were 92 patients aged from 47 to 69 years undergoing the in-patient treatment in the surgical departments of medical institutions in Krasnoyarsk with the diagnosis of mechanical jaundice of benign genesis. The control group consisted of 60 donors, comparable in sex and age with the main group. Depending on the severity of mechanical jaundice, luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of neutrophils was investigated and atomic-force microscopy of neurophilic granulocytes was performed to determine the shape, membrane state, geometric dimensions and adhesion forces of the blood neutrophils. Results: In patients with mechanical jaundice, the intensity of spontaneous chemiluminescence depends on the severity of mechanical jaundice. The kinetics of the chemiluminescent response of the peripheral blood neutrophils indicates an increase in the compensatory functional capacity of this cell population in case of mild degree of mechanical jaundice severity with their depletion in parallel with the increase in the severity of mechanical jaundice. Atomic force microscopy revealed violations of the structural organization of the neutrophil granulocyte. With increasing severity of mechanical jaundice, neutrophil became convex in shape, the number of segments of the nucleus increased, the cell membrane became irregular, the neutrophil volume reached 62.20 + 5.94 m3. The magnitude of the adhesion forces of neutrophils decreased by 25% in patients with class B severity of mechanical jaundice and by 31% with class C severity of mechanical jaundice. Conclusions: Based on the analysis of the chemiluminescent activity of neutrophilic granulocytes and their cytoarchitectonics, we concluded that the functional capabilities of neutrophilic granulocytes in mechanical jaundice are depleted in parallel with the increase in the severity of mechanical jaundice. Dysfunctions of neutrophils in mechanical jaundice are caused by the change in its cytoarchitectonics and by the decrease in adhesion forces.

© 2018 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. Atherosclerosis is now considered as chronic inflammatory vascular disease connected to «pathological» activation of innate and adaptive immunity, characterized by lipid deposition, leukocyte infiltration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Subclinical (low grade) inflammation plays fundamental role at all stages of atherosclerotic process progression and determines cardiovascular catastrophes development and mortality. Proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL) 1, IL6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), IL17, IL18, IL27, IL33, IL37 tightly interacting within cytokine network occupy an important place among numerous mediators participating in immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. IL1β playing an important role in the development of many acute and chronic immunoinflammatory diseases attracts particular attention. IL1β significance in the development of atherosclerosis is determined by many mechanisms including procoagulant activity, enhancement of monocytes and leucocytes adhesion to vascular endothelium, vascular smooth muscle cells growth and others. Fundamental role of inflammation in the development of atherosclerosis is well proved in investigations of anti-atherosclerotic effect of canakinumab. Randomized placebo-controlled trial CANTOS (Canakinumab ANti-inflammatory Thrombosis Otcomes Study) assessing efficacy of canakinumab as new tool for secondary prophylaxis cardiovascular complications in general population of patients with severe atherosclerotic vascular damage. CANTOS results in combination with accumulated in rheumatology data on cardiovascular effects of anti-inflammatory drugs are of great importance for personification of approach to secondary prophylaxis of caused by atherosclerosis cardiovascular complications. They also contribute to the development of inflammatory theory of atherosclerosis pathogenesis in the whole.

© 2018 GEOTAR Media. All rights reserved. Aim. Study of the remote results free flaps usage in treatment of patients with the late radiation injuries complicated by tibial bone osteomyelitis. Material and methods. Our work is based on a retrospective study of treatment of eight patients with late radiation tissue injuries and chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia. In them we performed 9 operations using free, vascularized flaps. According to RTOG/EORTC Late Radiation Morbidity Scoring Scheme, skin lesions corresponded to grade IV, bone damage – grade II–III. In the zone of the late radiation injuries, the lesion of the cortical plate of the tibia was detected in 5 patients, a lesion that occurred more than a third of the tibial circumference – in 3 patients. 6 patients had cicatricial osteomyelitis form, and 2 had osteomyelitis with the inclusion of a chronic draining fistula. Late radiation ulcer was emerged in all patients after previous radiotherapy in a total dose of 40 to 60 Gy for different types of neoplasms. For 7 patients, the timing of the previous radiotherapy ranged from 5 to 19 years before the appearance of a late radiation tissue injury. Three patients received radiotherapy in childhood. In one patient, with posttraumatic osteomyelitis of the tibia, in remission, squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed. Patients underwent radiation therapy in a total dose of 60 Gy. Later it was associated a radiation ulcer with open defects of the tibia. The objectives of surgical treatment included the preservation of the limb, adequate surgical debridement and the replacement of the tissues defect. The surgical technique included a radical resection of the affected areas of the bone tissue. To fill dead space, a musculo-fasciocutaneous thoracodorsal flap was used in all paients. In 2 out of 3 patients with localized form of osteomyelitis, the autograft complex, supplementary to the thoracodorsal component, included additionally a fragment of the anterior serratus muscle for tamponade of the osteomyelitis cavity. For one patient with localized osteomyelitis, a tamponade method of the post osteomyelitis bone defects included use of the distal part of the fragment of the latissimus muscle flap. 1 patient originally addressed concerning a late radiation ulcer on the back surface of a crus without involvement of bone structures. Two years after elimination of cicatricial and ulcer defect the torakodorsal skin and muscular flap, created a late radiation ulcer on the forward surface of a shin with defeat of a cortical plate of a tibial bone. Discussion. Fundamental difference of patients with local radiation injury from patients with traumatic osteomyelitis and investing tissue extensive defects is the feature of a course of wound process against the background of the progressing depression of a reparation both in the focus, and in surrounding tissues with lack of a clear boundary defeat. Morphological basis of local late radiation defeat are permanent damages of blood and lymphatic vessels with tissue fibrosis progressing. In the conditions of local reserve opportunities decrease, free revascularised flaps application, with one's own axial blood supply, allows to save an extremity, to receive the best immediate and long-term results of tissues defects elimination in the irradiated zone. It can be confirmed with the fact that directly under the replaced skin and muscular revascularised flap the covered functional structures purulent defeat stopped and patients achieved osteomyelitic process permanent remission. Results. In all observations the full flap engraftment has received. All patients have achieved osteomiyelitic process remission. Conclusions. The radical debridement of the affected zones, followed by the filling of the bone defect with muscle tissue and the defect elimination of the tissues by the skin portion of the vascularized musculocutaneous autograft is the method of choice in the treatment of patients with local post radiation injuries, complicated by osteomyelitis of the tibia.

© 2018, Polish Urological Association. All rights reserved. Introduction Oncological remission along with high postoperative functionality [continence and erectile function (EF)] are the main aspects of prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. The aim of this study was to compare functional and oncological treatment results achieved after a nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (RP) via transperitoneal (TPRP), extraperitoneal (EPRP) and robot-assisted (RARP) approach. Material and methods From March 2015 to March 2016, 507 RP were performed at the Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health (Moscow, Russia). A total of 264 patients with localized (cТ1а–2с) prostate cancer [prostate-specific antigen (PSA) <20 ng/ml, Gleason score ≤7], intact prostate capsule (according to MRI), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) ≥19 and a life expectancy >10 years were included into the retrospective study. All the surgeries were performed by a single surgeon. The outcomes were evaluated after urethral catheter removal and 3–6–12 months after RP. Results Nerve preservation (NP) was performed for 153 patients without significant distinctions in time (р = 0.064) and blood loss (р = 0.073). The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-SF) score was lower for NP: 9.23 ±6.59 and 3.86 ±5.38 after 3 and 12 months respectively compared with continence after RP without nerve preservation (NP): 14.27 ±5.1 vs. 6.15 ±4.76 (р <0.001). Continent was 52.2% vs. 83.3% vs. 81.8% in TPRP, RARP and EPRP groups; р <0.001. IIEF-5 scores were 14.67 ±9.4, 4.2 ±4.26 and 4.0 ±2.07 after RARP, TPRP and EPRP respectively (р = 0.002). After 12 months the PSA: TPRP = 0.11 ±0.19, RARP = 0.03 ±0.05 and EPRP = 0.53 ±1.87 ng/ml (р <0.001). Outcomes depend on surgical approach and was better in the RARP-group (AUC = 0.768 ±0.034 (CI 95% 0,701–0.834; р <0.001). Conclusions We suggest RARP with NP as a method of choice for treatment of prostate cancer in patients interested in preservation of EF and quality of life in general.

Previously, atherosclerosis was considered a disease accompanied exclusively by lipids accumulation. At present time success of fundamental and experimental science confirmed that atherosclerotic process is also associated with neovascularization and prolonged inflammatory response at all stages of atherogenesis from initial manifestations to thrombotic complications. The cause of atherosclerotic plaque instability is neovascularization, which is accompanied by intra-plaque hemorrhage and damage. Complications of carotid arteries atherosclerosis are strokes and transient ischemic attacks. The use of a wide range of diagnostic and pathohistological techniques is required for assessing this pathology. The most promising diagnostic technique is Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) which allows to assess neovascularization degree in atherosclerotic plaque through the injection of a contrast agents.

© 2018 Silina et al. Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the role of free radical oxygen and peroxide-lipid processes along with conducting the study of blood flow level and oxygen saturation of facial tissues in patients of different ages with varying degrees of involutional changes in the skin of the face and neck. Materials and methods: One hundred and fifty-three people (84.3% women and 15.7% men) aged from 26 to 78 years with varying degrees of involutional changes in facial skin were examined. The clinical and laboratory evaluation was carried out dynamically and included various indicators of free radical processes, objective and subjective clinical visualization, and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) of the facial skin and transcutaneous oximetry (TcpO2) performed at 10 points on the face. To assess the state of free radical processes, the authors investigated the basal indicator of chemiluminescence intensity (ICb), the intensity of chemiluminescence stimulated (ICs) by zymosan, the activity coefficient (AC) of chemiluminescence, antiperoxide activity of plasma, and malondialdehyde (MDA). Results: With aging, the imbalance of the oxygen constituents of free radical processes grows with the increase in ROS. Proportional to age, the ICs increased 2.1 times on average in people older than 55 years compared to that in people younger than 30 years and ICb decreased by 1.8 times. As a result, the AC increased by 5.6 times. This correlates with involuntary skin changes and with regression of microcirculation and TcpO2. According to LDF, it was established that average total blood flow in people younger than 30 years and people older than 55 years was 8.1 and 6.4 mL/min, respectively The difference between the indicators of TcpO2 in people younger than 30 years and people older than 55 years was 1.6 times (average 56 vs 35 mm Hg). The stability of the indicators of the peroxide-lipid link of oxidative stress in different age groups demonstrated that the activation of ROS formation in mitochondria is not a cause but a consequence of microcirculation and metabolic processes in the face and neck and aging in general. Conclusion: The tissue metabolism and microcirculation parameters naturally regress with aging, which is associated with the increase of ROS. The excess of species leads to the intensification of peroxide processes. This, in turn, is reflected in the aesthetic appearance manifested by aging.

© 2018 Medical Education. All Rights Reserved. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRS NP) is the most prevalent ear, nose, and throat (ENT) disorder in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. CRS NP can occur in CF children at the age of ≥ 8 months and becomes the chronic disease. Tenacious secret and bacterial infection cause obstruction, edema and hypoxia of paranasal sinuses and contribute to significant morbidity in CF patients. The active monitoring and treatment of CRS NP aimed at improvement of the aeration of paranasal sinuses, mucociliary clearance, and the control of chronic upper airway infection are necessary. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) may be the method of choice if surgical treatment is considered. FESS facilitates paranasal sinuses drainage. Due to recurrent course of CRS NP in most CF patients, lifelong follow-up by an ENT specialist and postoperative management using topical steroids and/or antibiotics are required.

© 2018 Vladimir A. Chistyakov, Alexander V. Usatov, Aleksander I. Klimenko, Maria A. Kolosova, Eugenia V. The abundance of potential genotoxins makes it necessary to improve microbial test systems that allow to identify these substances quickly. At the same time, the methodology of metabolic activation of promutagens in vitro is very important. Microsomal preparations of rodents, which are generally used for that, have significant disadvantages associated with the potential health risks of the inducers of the metabolism of microsomal cytochromes. For the metabolic activation of promutagens, we have developed a protocol of microsomal homogenate fraction (S-9) preparation. We propose to complement the set of methods for quality control of feeds for valuable and rare chicken breeds with the Ames test (Salmonella/microsome) using the activated chicken hepatic S-9 homogenate fraction.

© 2018 American Leather Chemists Association. All rights reserved. The regenerative potential of biodegradable collagen matrix (hemostatic sponge) for healing full-thickness rabbit conjunctival injury was studied. Results of histological investigation and scanning electron microscopy showed evidence of the progressive degradation of collagen matrix followed by granulation tissue formation from periphery to the center of the conjunctival wound. The ungrafted conjunctival defect was substituted with granulation tissue from the intact edges of wound to the center. Both matrix-grafted and ungrafted full-thickness conjunctival defects were covered completely with loose stroma and stratified squamous epithelium within 30 days. Thus, high regenerative potential of biodegradable collagen matrix (hemostatic sponge) implanted into the zone of injury for healing full-thickness defect of rabbit conjunctiva was established.

© 2018 Authors. The present work presents a description of various cutting devices with an emphasis on skin surgery for the optimal choice of instruments in plastic surgery. Physical principles of work with a description of the biological role of an ultrasonic scalpel, various laser cutting devices, electrosurgical instruments, including radiofrequency electrosurgery, are described. Studies of recent years, including systematic reviews and meta-analyzes, are devoted to comparative analysis of various cutting and coagulating devices among themselves and in comparison with the mechanical metal scalpel.

© 2018, Media Sfera. All rights reserved. The article describes a newly developed and tested diffractive optical element (DOE) that converts non-uniform radiation of the laser output into a homogeneous ring. The Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm is shown to be well suited for achieving annular intensity distribution. Testing this ring transducer on threshold-plasticity cornea demonstrated the reversibility of axisymmetric changes in the cornea. Atomic-Force microscopy of the area of maximum stresses in the corneal periphery showed no significant changes in the structure of the cornea when irradiated in the selected mode. Measurement of Young’s modulus of the corneal surface areas after their irradiation also revealed no changes in the elastic properties, while examination of the corneal structure demonstrated the absence of significant structural changes in irradiated samples compared with intact ones.

© The authors team, 2018.All Rights Reserved. This is the first report of a clinical case of subcutaneous adiponecrosis of a newborn with acute early neonatal period from a mother with risk factors in the form of diabetes, hypoglycemia during pregnancy, chronic infections, emergency surgical delivery due to acute fetal hypoxia. The article contains algorithm of the differential diagnostics of diabetic embryo-fetopathy and metabolic disorders in a newborn from a mother with diabetes.