Репозиторий Университета

© 2019 Author(s). The paper presents the results of research and development of the hardware-software complex of infrared diaphanoscopy, intended for early automatic detection and numerical evaluation of the inflammation stage of periodontal tissues. The possibility of using the technology of infrared diaphanoscopy for the detection of periodontal inflammation foci at the preclinical stage, as well as for the numerical evaluation of the periodontal inflammatory process and control of the effectiveness of treatment is shown.

© 2019 Author(s). Class E power amplifier is a prominent solution for driving transmitting coil in wireless inductive energy transfer systems. Proper tuning of this amplifier ensures zero voltage switching of the switching transistor and, therefore, leading to highly efficient power amplification, in theory reaching 100%. However, specifics of wireless powering, namely, existing misalignments of transmitting and receiving coils must be considered when designing inductive energy transfer systems with class E amplifier. In this work effect of residual reactance and series capactitance in loading network of the amplifier on output power, end-to-end energy transfer efficiency and switching losses are examined. It is shown that only output power are affected by the variation of the reactance. Class E loading network reactance only affects output power and have negligibly small effect on the power losses and efficiency. Additionally, estimation of number of turns and radii of the receiving coil effect on inductive energy transfer system parameters is demonstrated.

© 2019 Author(s). The objective of this article is to develop methods and algorithms for detecting QRS complexes and cardiac episodes, primarily diagnosing tachy- and bradyarrhythmias, as well as heart pauses and atrial fibrillation. Algorithms and methods use parameters such as ECG, physical activity and the patient's body position. Datasets were collected by BioModule BioHarness 3 (Zephyr Technology Corporation, Annapolis, MD). The monitor was installed simultaneously with Holter monitor MYOCARD-HOLTER (NIMP ESN LLC, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region). Data from the PhysioNet database was used to verify the QRS detector and RR-interval analyzer. The algorithm is validated using the PhysioNet database, resulting a sensitivity of Se = 99.18% and a specificity Sp = 99.52%, and using the BioMonitor 3, resulting a sensitivity of Se = 98.96% and a specificity Sp = 93.37%. 20 records were analyzed for the presence event such as tachycardia and bradycardia, cardiac pauses and atrial fibrillation. 18 of 20 were recognized correctly by the analyzer. The analyzer gave an incorrect result in 2 cases.

© 2019 Author(s). The article describes a pilot project dedicated to the development of a system for the diagnosis of lymphostasis based on optical measurement methods. The analysis of the most commonly used diagnostic methods is given, their comparative analysis is performed. The proposed design of the biotechnical system, and methods for analyzing and processing the resulting images are described. The research experimental results of the developed prototype are given.

© 2019 Author(s). A method for differentiation of pigmented skin lesions based on digital processing of optical images has been proposed. The method implies segmentation and automatic differentiation of lesions based on 5 parameters -the diameter, area, color, shape and smoothness of margins of the lesion. It reveals clinical features of the lesion, required for diagnosis, and allows for calculating a probability of the lesions malignizaion. The proposed method has been verified using 360 imaging of pigmented lesions of the skin in vivo; among them: ordinary, dysplastic nevi of the skin and skin melanoma. The observed sensitivity and specificity of the proposed technique are 97% and 95%, correspondingly.

© 2019 Author(s). The article presents the research results of the material structure intended to replace defects in biological tissues. The material is a three-layer composite obtained from aqueous dispersions of organic components - albumin, collagen and chitosan succinate, connected to a formed inorganic porous matrix, obtained under the influence of radiation from an ytterbium laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm on single-wall carbon nanotubes. To study the binding of the material components to the carbon matrix, the morphology of the resulting layers and the structural parameters of the composite scaffold the methods of vibrational spectroscopy (infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy), confocal microscopy and SEM were used. It has been established that during the action of laser radiation on aqueous dispersions there is no destruction of the organic components structure. The SEM study indicates the presence on the sample surface of globules with a size of 10-50 microns, formed from nanotubes with matrix materials. The presence of pores in the composite scaffold and their dimensions suggest the possible precipitation and proliferation of the cellular component.

© 2019 Author(s). Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) affect a large number of children both in the Russian Federation and in Germany. Early diagnosis is key for these children, because the sooner parents notice such disorders in a child and the rehabilitation and treatment program starts, the higher the likelihood of his social adaptation. The difficulties in raising such a child lie in the complexity of his learning outside of children's groups and the complexity of his medical care. In this regard, the development of digital applications that facilitate medical care and education of such children at home is important and relevant. The purpose of the project is to improve the availability and quality of healthcare and social adaptation at home of children with ASD through the use of digital technologies.

© 2019 Author(s). A method of electrical stimulation of the growth of fibroblast cells and mesenchymal stem cells cultured on layers of a composite material deposited from water dispersion of carbon nanotubes and polymers (serum albumin, chitosan) and cured by laser method is proposed. A system for electrical stimulation has been developed that allows electrical stimulating pulses to be transmitted to cells through electrically conductive layers of a composite material. Electrical stimulation was carried out for 48 h with pulsed electric signal (80 mV amplitude, 1 ms pulse duration, 0.5 s pause). As a result of electrical stimulation, an increase in the density of cell distribution over the surface of the layers of the composite material and formation of a cell monolayer were observed.

© 2019 Author(s). This paper is dedicated to modelling of processes which take place in biotechnical system "Wearable artificial kidney" during peritoneal dialysis. Mathematical model describes dynamics of metabolite mass transfer through peritoneal membrane with further dialysate regeneration in extracorporeal regeneration unit. Model allows to predict dialysate volume dynamics in patient's peritoneal cavity and describes dynamics of osmotic agent concentration. The main theoretical results were compared with empirical laboratory and medical data. Presented mathematical model can be potentially used in wearable artificial kidney developing and design.

© 2019 Author(s). Laser welds of hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone with the nanocomposite based on bovine serum albumin and carbon nanotubes were studied. Laser welding was carried out at the wavelength of λ = 810 nm, in the power range P = 0 ÷ 3 W and at the temperature T ∼70 °C using temperature feedback. Solder based on water dispersion of bovine serum albumin (25 % w/w) And chromophore indocyanine green (0.1 % w/w) was used. The tensile strength of 0.59 ± 0.29 MPa was achieved, when welding hyaline cartilage with the nanocomposite, and 0.63 ± 0.13 MPa, when welding the subchondral bone with the nanocomposite. The average pore diameter in the nanocomposite/subchondral bone welding area - 52 μm and in the nanocomposite/hyaline cartilage welding area - 42 μm were shown by computed microtomography. The hyaline cartilage/nanocomposite welds possessed the highest indicator of porosity ∼36 %. The nanocomposite/subchondral bone welds lost 1.6 % of mass, and the hyaline cartilage/nanocomposite welds 14 % as a result of being in fetal calf serum for 7 days.

© 2019 Author(s). The specific electrical conductivity of the layers of composite nanomaterials in the composition of biological materials (bovine serum albumin (BSA), microcrystalline cellulose (MC)) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) was investigated. Aqueous dispersions of biological composite nanomaterials contained ∼25 wt.% BSA and ∼0.47 wt.% SWCNT, ∼7 wt.% CMC and ∼0.19 wt.% SWCNT. The dispersion was applied by screen printing on biopolymer substrates. After drying, the formed layers had area ∼10×10 mm2, thickness ∼10 μm. Samples were subjected to laser radiation from ytterbium fiber pulsed laser (a wavelength of 1064 nm, a pulse duration 100 ns). Non-irradiated samples were considered controls. From the dimensions of the layer and from the measured resistance R, the conductivity was determined. The following results were obtained. Samples that were not laser irradiated showed lower conductivity values. The layers of biological composite nanomaterials irradiated with a laser have acceptable values of electrical conductivity, good adhesion to the substrate surfaces and are promising for use in medical practice, for example, to create strain sensors for various parts of the body.

© 2019 Author(s). The volume structure of nanocomposites obtained by laser printing from water-collagen dispersions of carbon nanofibers was studied using X-ray microtomography. For the preparation of dispersions, ultrasonic homogenization methods were used. The concentration of the components was: bovine collagen -1 wt.%, nanofibres -0.01 wt.% and 0.1 wt.%. The experiments were carried out at a voltage on the cathode of an x-ray tube ∼30 kV, current strength -300 mA; the number of projections -3000 at the angle of rotation -0.1°. The porosity of the composites ranged from 25 to 35%. Closed pore spaces were mainly observed in the structure of composites (28%). The pore size (16-23 μm) depended on the size of the protein conglomerates. Using the same water-collagen dispersion of carbon nanofibers, a coating was formed on 2.5 mm wide polymer tapes, which were implanted by pressfit technique into a channel formed in the cancellous bone of laboratory animals. To study the structural reaction of the bone, a three-dimensional visualization of the bone canal was carried out at different observation times. The results of the X-ray study showed that after implantation, there are processes that reflect the osteoconductive properties of the composite.

© 2018, SICOT aisbl. Objective: To investigate the effect of knee arthroscopic synovectomy (AS) on the disease activity, quality-of-life (QoL), and the functional status of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the outcomes of AS performed on 138 RA patients; pre-surgery assessments were done using Disease Activity score (DAS 28) and Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data З (RAPID-3) on а multidimensional health-assessment questionnaire for disease activity, EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) and the Short-Form Medical Outcomes Study (SF-36) for quality of life, and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) for functional status. The pain response to SA was measured by а visual analogue score (VAS) and the Knee Society Score (KSS). Results: All parameters assessed in the study showed significant positive changes: the activity of the disease decreased, and patients’ functional status and QoL improved. Conclusion: AS is effective treatment for recurrent synovitis of the knee in RA patients. This technique improves the functional status of patients and their quality of life and reduces the activity of the disease.

© 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor  &  Francis Group. The recent developments in Cathepsin protease research have unveiled a number of key observations which are fundamental to further our understanding of normal cellular homeostasis and disease. By far, the most interesting and promising area of Cathepsin biology stems from how these proteins are linked to the fate of living cells through the phenomenon of Lysosomal Leakage and Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilisation. While extracellular Cathepsins are generally believed to be of central importance in tumour progression, through their ability to modulate the architecture of the Extracellular Matrix, intracellular Cathepsins have been established as being of extreme significance in mediating cell death through Apoptosis. With these two juxtaposed key research areas in mind, the focus of this review highlights recent advancements in how this fast-paced area of Cathepsin research has recently evolved in the context of their mechanistic regulation in cancer research. Abbreviations : ECM, Extracellular Matrix; MMP, Matrix Metalloproteases; LL, Lysosomal Leakage; LMP, Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilisation; LMA, Lysosomorphic Agents; BC, Breast Cancer; ASM, Acid Sphingomyelinase; TNF-α, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; LAMP, Lysosomal Associated membrane Protein; PCD, Programmed Cell Death; PDAC, Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma; ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species; aa, amino acids.

© 2019, The Author(s). Introduction: This study examined the dynamics of 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring parameters (Holter monitoring) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) before and after conservative or surgical treatment of patients with voiding and storage lower urinary tract symptoms (LTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: A total of eighty-three 57 to 81-year-old (mean age 70.4 ± 5.75 years) patients with LUTS/BPH and accompanying IHD were examined and treated at the Institute of Urology and Human Reproductive Health and Clinic of Cardiology of Sechenov University. All patients received recommended cardiac therapy at least 6 months before inclusion in the study. Results: Our study demonstrated that there is correlation between voiding and storage LUTS/BPH and Holter-detected cardiac impairments in patients with IHD/BPH. These data make it possible to consider LUTS/BPH (voiding and storage) as a factor in the additional functional and psychological load on the activity of patients with ischemic heart disease. Improvement of voiding and storage LUTS due to BPH and objective parameters of urination (Qmax) in patients treated with alpha-1 adrenoceptor blocker tamsulosin correlated with improvement of 24-h ECG monitoring parameters (Holter monitoring) in 72% of patients. Improvement of 24-h ECG monitoring parameters (Holter monitoring) 1 month after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in IHD/BPH patients and indications for surgical treatment was observed in 65.7%. Negative dynamics of the Holter-based ECG was not registered in patients who were operated on. Conclusion: Holter monitoring helps to identify groups of patients in whom urinary impairments caused by prostatic hyperplasia negatively affect the course of IHD. Restored urination (either conservatively or operatively) in patients with BPH in 72% of cases decreased the number of fits of angina, thus influencing favourably the course of IHD. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03856242.

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. A total of 100 women with early pregnancy loss were recruited and further classified into two subgroups: sporadic pregnancy loss and recurrent pregnancy loss; each subgroup consisted of 50 women. The control group included 56 women with normal pregnancies. Genotyping was performed by PCR with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A statistically significant increase in the frequencies of TT genotype and T allele for DNMT3B rs2424913 polymorphism was found in the total patient group and in both patient subgroups in comparison with the control. Moreover, homozygous TT genotype was associated with increased risk of early pregnancy loss (both sporadic and recurrent). DNMT3B rs2424913 gene polymorphism in women can be used a marker of predisposition to early pregnancy loss and recurrent pregnancy loss.

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. A model of moderate hyperhomocysteinemia associated with mechanical injury of the musculoskeletal system was developed and experimentally substantiated. The adequacy of this model for studies of morphological and functional regularities is verified. This model can be used for the development of a new concept of evaluation of thrombotic complications of mechanical injury.

© 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. The effects of inhalation exposure to a mixture containing acetone, acetaldehyde, and ethanol in concentrations typical of closed environment in space vehicles on the structure of mesenteric lymph nodes in F1 male mice were studied by histological technique. The long-term exposure to modeled atmosphere led to pronounced structural changes in these nodes that were clearly seen on day 22 and increased by day 36 of the experiment. The thickness of the capsule and trabeculae of mesenteric lymph nodes as well as diameter of lymphatic sinuses did not differ from the control values up to day 8, but then increased on days 22-70. Starting from day 22, the thickness of the medullary cords decreased and attained the minimum to the end of the experiments, which can indicate depletion of immunocytopoiesis and inhibition of humoral immunity. The present data are important for the space medicine, because they indicate structural changes in the peripheral lymphoid organs, the key elements of immune system.