Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Czech Academy of Sciences. The population structures of different species of Calliphoridae flies are highly diverse at different locations. We investigated populations of the Eastern European L. sericata using chaetotaxy and eight microsatellite loci. Our results strongly indicate that a panmictic population of L. sericata exists in the area studied, possibly with a high rate of intra-population gene flow. Analysis of chaetotaxy also supports the panmictic population hypothesis.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Stroke is now one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, in this connection, various programs are being implemented to prevention this disease and to improve diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Female gender is a proven unmodifiable risk factor for stroke. Objective - to analyze literature data on the risk factors of stroke in women and to identify the epidemiological features of the disease in women in the Tyumen Region. Material and methods. To achieve literature was sought in the databases Pubmed and Library the 2007 - 2016 statistical materials of the Healthcare Department of the Tyumen Region were used. Results. The review of the literature demonstrated significant differences in the epidemiological parameters of stroke and analyzed in detail its age-related characteristics in women, the possible biological mechanisms of differences, and the role of hormone replacement therapy. The authors' own study did not reveal a higher incidence of stroke in women than that in men even in the oldest age groups. Conclusion. For personalized stroke prevention and treatment, there is a need for further investigations with a thorough analysis of the burden of gender-related risk factors.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The review gives the definition and conditions of assigning a biological agent to probiotics, the mechanisms of action of probiotics and microbiota on the activity of the central nervous system, as well as the main biologically active amines synthesized by the microbiota. It considers the neuroendocrine effects of probiotics and microbiota and their role in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. The authors summarize the studies that prove the impact of the microbiota on metabolic processes via synthesis of vitamins B and D and the ensuing prospects for their therapeutic application.

© 2018 ABV-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. The DNA analysis revealed a transthyretin amyloidosis with a rare Phe53Leu mutation in a woman of 62 y.o. with the late onset progressive generalized axonal sensomotor neuropathy, dry eye syndrome, and an episode of severe unintentionally weight loss. The same mutation was found in her healthy 34 y.o. son, but not in a 42 y.o. daughter. The Congo red staining were negative in nerve and salivar gland biopsies samples. The reassessment of the transthyretin amyloidosis “red flags” showed that the patient fulfilled the criteria of the disease and the absence of amyloid deposition was not the ground to reject the hereditary cause of the condition. The reasons of the misdiagnosis are discussed.

© 2018 ABV-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved. International scales and questionnaires have become widespread in Russian neurology. Validation is a procedure of top priority necessary before applying this kind of diagnostic instrument in Russian-speaking population. In this article, validation of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) intended for patients with this disease is described. Use of validated Russian version would allow to objectively evaluate severity of clinical manifestations of carpal tunnel syndrome and follow patient dynamics. We present the official BCTQ version recommended for use in Russia, as well as data that showed high sensitivity and reliability of this instrument for clinical evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome.

© 2018, SPb RAACI. Periodontal disease, including gum disease, gingivitis, periodontitis and periodontal disease is frequently associated with progressive loss of bone and soft periodontal tissues. Recent studies suggest effectiveness of platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and other growth factors, which may stimulate regeneration of connective and bone tissue. A number of cytokines and growth factors participate in regulation of angiogenesis, but vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most powerful agent, acting directly on the vascular endothelium. VEGF detected in saliva and endothelial cells of periodontium. VEGF plays a dominant role both in periodontal health maintenance as well as in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. The aim of this work was to develop implementation of VEGF in periodontology, and a search for laboratory markers of therapeutic efficiency in periodontitis. We observed 19 patients aged 53-79 years with I-II grade periodontitis. In frames of periodontal therapy, the patients used a drug "Rebon. Gel for Gum" ("GF group", Russia). The drug represents a composition of bioresorbable carbohydrates on the basis of carboxymethylcellulose, forming the cellular basis for similar extraclean matrix. It contains different sodium, potassium, phosphorus, chlorine salts in order to balance the tissue pH, and a complex of glycated recombinant polypeptides identical to cytokines and human growth factors. ELISA method was used in the biological samples for detection of VEGF, human isoform A-165 ("SCI store" Ltd., Russia), and IFNγ (JSC "Vector Best", Russia). All our patients noted a decrease in pain after the treatment, as well as a significant acceleration of healing processes in oral cavity. Observation of the oral cavity state showed good dynamics and acceleration of bone tissue regeneration. After the treatment course, the level of IFNγ increased from 14.48 to 27.45 pg/ml. The difference before and after treatment values was significant (p = 0.022), despite a sufficient range of measured values. VEGF in gingival fluid showed a large scatter of values, from 26 to 279 pg/ml before treatment, and 16 to 198 pg/ml after treatment. Generally, a tendency for VEGF decrease was observed after treatment. To diagnose the current state of the periodontium, an importance of analyses of the gingival sulcus fluid is actual. The developed diagnostic approaches based on measuring the IFNγ, VEGF levels in screening and monitoring regimens help to provide a more effective treatment. Introduction of a complex preparation with growth factors and peptidoglycan-recognizing protein seems to accelerate epithelialization and regeneration of connective and bone tissue.

© 2018 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. It is intended in this study to present initial reliability and validity data for the Russian adaptation of the Multidimensional Inventory of Religious/Spiritual Well-being (MI-RSWB-R), as being related to personality factors and psychopathology. Therefore, the first version of the MI-RSWB-R was applied to a sample of 192 (147 females) non-clinical subjects, together with the NEO Five Factor Inventory and the Symptom-Check-List (SCL-90-R). The original six-factor structure of the scale could be replicated for the MI-RSWB-R, which also provides satisfying psychometric properties. In accordance with previous research the RSWB total score was linked to more favorable personality traits such as Extraversion (r =.45), Openness to Experience (r =.39), and Agreeableness (r =.38), which was paralleled by substantial negative correlations with increased psychopathology. Our findings support the reliability and structural validity of the MI-RSWB-R as a standardized instrument for addressing the spiritual dimension in Russian populations. Further research in clinical surroundings is now recommended.

© 2018 by the Serbian Biological Society. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of DL-homocysteine (DL-Hcy) and DL-homocysteine thiolactone (DL-Hcy TLHC) on selected serum biochemical parameters, markers of oxidative stress and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in the plasma, as well as on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the cardiac tissue homogenate in the rat. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups as follows: control group (1 mL 0.9% NaCl, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection), DL-Hcy group (8 mmol/kg body mass (b.m.), i.p.) or DL-Hcy TLHC group (8 mmol/kg b.m., i.p.). One hour after administration, the rats were euthanized, whole blood was collected for biochemical analysis, and the heart was excised. Following the i.p. administration of DL-Hcy and DL-Hcy TLHC, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were mostly significantly increased, while plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased. Administration of DL-Hcy and DL-Hcy TLHC significantly inhibited AChE activity in rat cardiac tissue. Our findings suggest that DL-Hcy and DL-Hcy TLHC exerted prooxidant effects; however, the decrease in MDA points to an inverse response to the increase in antioxidant enzyme activities. While both substances inhibited AChE activity in rat cardiac tissue, DL-Hcy TLHC induced stronger effects than DL-Hcy.

© COPYRIGHT SPIE. The paper considers physical processes and mechanisms of laser reparation of spine cartilage, presents results of investigations aimed to optimize laser settings and to develop feedback control system for laser reconstruction of spine discs. Possible mechanisms of laser-induced regeneration include: (1) Space and temporary modulated laser beam induces non-homogeneous and pulse repetitive thermal expansion and stress in the irradiated zone of cartilage. Mechanical effect due to controllable thermal expansion of the tissue and micro and nano gas bubbles formation in the course of the moderate (up to 50 °C) heating of the NP activate biological cells (chondrocytes) and promote cartilage regeneration. (2) Non-destructive laser radiation leads to the formation of nano and micro-pores in cartilage matrix in the in the immediate vicinity of chondrocytes. That promotes water permeability and increases the feeding of biological cells. Results provide the scientific and engineering basis for the novel low-invasive laser procedures to be used in neurosurgery and orthopedics for the treatment cartilages of spine. The technology and equipment for laser reconstruction of spine discs have been tested first on animals, and then in a clinical trial. Since 2001 the laser reconstruction of intervertebral discs have been performed (i) for more than 3,200 patients with chronic symptoms of low back or neck pain who failed to improve with non-operative care; and (ii) for 1100 patients underwent hernia removal surgery. Substantial relief of back pain was obtained in 92.5% of patients treated who returned to their daily activities. LRD allowed also to decrease secondary surgeries more than three times. Optical fiber technique based on light scattering measurements have been used to promote safety and efficacy of the laser procedures.

© 2018, Slovenska Vzdelavacia Obstaravacia. All rights reserved. The topicality of the research lies in the fact that the challenges of the last decades, especially the last few years, caused the growth of crime, violence, extremist and terrorist sentiments, and extensively involved youth in these processes. For these reasons, there is an acute need to study aggression and social aggression, especially the aggressive behavior of youth. An interpretive comprehension of these phenomena by social philosophers is important because aggression, in any form, is a social construct, is formed and manifested in social interaction; and the use of philosophical methods allows studying all the factors that influence its formation: political, economic, social, psychological and others. In this paper, we present a review and analysis of various approaches to understand human and social aggression, their generalization, and develop a general and comprehensive point of view relate to their nature and determinacy. The methodology of the research is based on the universal laws governing the development of nature, human society, and thought: dialectical synthesis, the transformation of quantity into quality, and the identity of opposites; the philosophical theory of determinism; and system-activity approach. The leading theoretical methods to study this issue are concerned with the content analysis of scientific papers relevant to the research problem, and, hence, consider the factors associated with the formation and manifestation of aggressiveness in general and social aggression in particular. The paper provides a definition of the phenomenon of social aggression considering it as a system of aggressor's attitudes and behaviors in the interaction, his intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual, the aim to create more efficient (dominant) terms of interaction and activity, and/or cause damage to the target victims. Using system-activity approach to characterize the phenomenon the following features have been distinguished: a specific way of organizing activities, rationality, a temporal duration, purposefulness, practicality, introductory nature, a possibility of control and self-control, invertibility and duality caused by human consciousness as the only factor. The authors hope that the materials of the article might be of theoretical and practical value for developing programs aimed at the prevention of aggression, especially social youth aggression, and bring the process of social adaptation and socialization of young people back to the normal state, thus reducing the risk of destructive tendencies.

© 2018 Stavropol State Medical University. All rights reserved. The review presents data on the relationship of intestinal dysbiosis with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the possibility of modulation of the intestinal microbiota (MB) in IBS therapy. It is shown that imbalance of MB caused by the influence of diet, antibiotics or other exogenous factors leads to gastrointestinal disorders, in particular, to the development of IBS. The data are presented that the modulation of MB with the help of prebiotics, antibiotics, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation has a positive therapeutic effect in patients with IBS.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The objective of the present work was to develop the method for the visualization of the shape of the bone surface in the region of its traumatic damage based on the results of the analysis of a single X-ray image for the solution of the problems facing forensic medical expertise and traumatology. The three-dimensional models of the fractures of the long tubular bones constructed with the use of the visualization technique were shown to adequately reproduce the morphological picture of the injury. It allowed to enhance the potential of the forensic medical analysis and the accuracy of the diagnostic methods employed for the purposes of forensic medical expertise.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The objective of the present study was the comprehensive investigation of morphogenesis of the surface relief of the major local ruptures of the liver in the case of a blunt injury and the obtaining of an additional information on the possibility to use these data for the purposes of forensic medical expertise. We explored the reliefs of the major local ruptures of the liver in the cases of a single fatal blunt injury inflicted in a traffic accident, by kicking or a powerful stroke with the fist. In addition, the threshold hepatic lesions depending on their severity were determined experimentally. The model allowing to describe the qualitative relief alterations of the rupture surface associated with a blunt injury has been developed. The main elements of the surface relief of the major ruptures include avulsion and shear ridges, folds as well as «extension zones». Three types of possible rupture surface reliefs have been identified, viz. relatively uniform, stratified and fragmented non-uniform ones. Such reliefs are formed in the case of a threshold injury, powerful stroke with the leg or the fist, and road traffic accident, respectively. The location of the shear ridges at the ruptured surface makes it possible to determine the direction of growth of the local major rupture and of the stroke vector. The presence of multiple «extension zones» at the surface of the local major rupture may serve as an indicator either of the influence of the unlimited traumatic surface or of the very strong stroke. The above features of the relief of the rupture surface provide the conditions for the application of the statistical approach to the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the deformation and the destruction of the parenchymatous organs suffering a blunt injury.

© 2018 The Author(s) Despite the fact that environmental pollution due to motorcycle exhaust gases reports a great increase, motorcycle production exhibits a great increase through the last years. Countries of Asia and Africa are reported to be the major regions where two-wheeled vehicles are a major transportation mode, with tens of millions of units sold per year. Motorcycle exhaust particles are considered to be the major contributor to environmental pollution due to their airborne dispersion, containing great amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study aims at reporting an objective analysis of the main sources of the ambient air pollution as also particle size distribution and chemical composition analysis of particulate matter originated from the exhausts of two-wheeled vehicles used in the territory of Vladivostok, Russia. Various types of two-wheeled vehicles were examined (motorcycles, ATVs, scooters and wet bikes) using different types of engine and fuel system. Experimental results showed that there was no clear relation to the particle size distribution with the engine displacement of motorcycle and the number of strokes and the fuel system. Instead, there were reported two clear assumptions. The first one is that regarding to the motorcycle brand, a few samples did not exhibit a great percentage of PM10 fraction. The second one is that more modern vehicles, that have a harmful gas afterburning system, are usually the source of an increased percentage of PM10 emitted particles. At last, it should be mentioned that the laser particle size analysis method is capable of determining the particle sizes after their agglomeration whereas the optical morphometry method allows to determine the real particle size of emissions. In conclusion, it can be pointed out that the agglomeration of particles can lead to the reduction in the toxicity of particles emissions originated from two wheeled-vehicles.

© Authors. The information society reveals the social impact of the dissemination of information technologies. The purpose of this article is to study the negative social, psychological, and pedagogical implications of the Internet on young people. The authors analyzed the internet addiction problem among students (14-19 years) from the standpoint of the social health of the individuals and society as a whole. In a pilot study, which involved more than 600 adolescent participants aged 14-19 years (secondary school, college and university students), the authors have defined internet addiction as a complex phenomenon. The prerequisites of its development identify and highlights its formation in stages among students (mild fascination, passion, addiction, attachment). At the ascertaining stage of the experiment, a screening study was carried out to examine the state of internet addiction in young students in social networks. The results showed the necessity to design and implement internet addiction prevention programs for young students, which include three main blocks (motivational and cognitive, practice-oriented, reflexive), and a systematic plan for its implementation in the educational space framework. The stages of the experiment provided evidence of the authors' proposed effectiveness of methodologies for young people aged 14-19 years. This article may be useful to pedagogues, psychologists, and parents of students, social workers, and researchers working in the field of addiction prevention among young people.

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. The use of polymeric carriers to deliver hydrophobic photosensitizers has been widely discussed as a way to improve both fluorescence diagnostic and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancers; however, the photophysical and pharmacokinetic parameters, as well as the PDT activity, of such modifications have, until now, only been poorly investigated. The purpose of the present study was to explore the efficacy of PDT with the formulation of the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) in combination with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in comparison with Ce6 alone and with the clinical drug, Photodithazine in a mouse tumor model. We also investigated the photoactivity of the Ce6-PVA in a model reaction of tryptophan oxidation, analyzed the polymer–Ce6 interaction using fluorescence spectroscopy and atomic-force microscopy, and tested the phototoxicity in vitro. Using fluorescence imaging in vivo we found that injection to mice of Ce6 in a formulation with PVA resulted in a higher tumor-to-normal ratio and greater photobleaching when compared with either the use of Ce6 alone, or with the effects of Photodithazine. Tumor growth study and histological examination of CT26 tumors revealed fast, reproducible tumor regression and more advanced necrosis after PDT with Ce6-PVA. The higher photoactivity of the Ce6-PVA complex was confirmed in a model reaction of tryptophan oxidation and in cultured cells. Therefore, encapsulation of Ce6 in PVA represents a promising strategy for further increasing the selectivity and efficacy of PDT.

Copyright © 2017 by the Research Society on Alcoholism Background: Animal studies showed that alcoholic myopathy is characterized by the reduction in myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and by impaired anabolic signaling. The goal of this study was to compare changes in CSA and fiber type composition with modifications in anabolic and catabolic signaling pathways at the early stages of alcohol misuse in humans. Methods: Skeletal muscle samples from 7 male patients with chronic alcohol abuse (AL; 47.7 ± 2.0 years old; alcohol misuse duration 7.7 ± 0.6 years) were compared with muscle from a control group of 7 healthy men (C; 39.7 ± 5.0 years old). Biopsies from vastus lateralis muscles were taken and analyzed for the changes in fiber type composition, fiber CSA, and for the alterations in anabolic and catabolic signaling pathways. Results: AL patients did not have detectable clinical myopathy symptoms or muscle fiber atrophy, but the relative proportion of fast fibers was increased. There was a significant decrease in IGF-1 in plasma and IRS-1 protein content in muscle of AL group. Levels of total and phosphorylated p70S6K1, GSK3β, and p90RSK1 were not different between AL and C groups. Muscle of AL patients had increased mRNA expression of HSP70 and HSP90. A marker of anabolic pathway p-4E-BP1 was decreased, while catabolic markers (MuRF-1, MAFbx, ubiquitinated proteins) were increased in AL patients when compared with C group. Conclusions: At the early stages of alcohol misuse in humans, changes in the regulation of anabolic and catabolic signaling pathways precede the development of skeletal muscle atrophy and manifestation of clinical symptoms of alcoholic myopathy.

© The Author 2018. An in silico approach was adopted to identify potential cyclooxygenase inhibitors through molecular docking studies. Four potentially active molecules were generated by fusion of dopamine with ibuprofen or ketorolac derivatives. The binding mode of the considered ligands to cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 isoforms was described using Autodock Vina. Preliminary docking to full cyclooxygenase isoforms structures was used to determine possible binding sites for the described dopamine-derived ligands. The following more accurate docking iteration to the described binding sites was used to achieve better conformational sampling. Among the studied molecules, IBU-GABA-DA showed preferable binding to cyclooxygenase active site of cyclooxygenase-1, while IBU-DA bound to peroxidase site of cyclooxygenase-1, making these ibuprofen-comprising ligands a base for further research and design of selective cyclooxygenase- 1 inhibitors. Keterolac-derived ligands KET-DA and KET-GABA-DA demonstrated binding to both cyclooxygenase isoforms at a side pocket, which does not relate to any known functional site of cyclooxygenases and needs to be further investigated.

© 2018 Stavropol State Medical University. All Rights Reserved. Myocardial micro-alternation index (IMM) is one of the characteristics of the ECG dispersion mapping (DM) which is widely used for screening of the population. We studied the relationship between IMM, age and gender. We also investigated the prevalence of different IMM ranges: normal (<15 %, 15-21 % - boundary, >21 % - pathological) in visitors of the health centers (HC). Data of 537 820 visitors of the HC from 25 regions of Russia were analyzed. The visitors underwent ECG DM recording, anthropometry, measurement of blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol in capillary blood. The results have shown that IMM dependence on age and sex is very weak, so the special criteria are not required. The prevalence of IMM ranges («normal», «borderline values» and «pathology») is found to be age-dependent: the prevalence of pathological and borderline IMM values increased from 55 years and 35 years respectively. From the same age there is a decrease in the proportion of visitors with normal IMM values. The share of visitors with risk factors for non-communicable diseases is maximal among those whose values are in the IMM range considered as «pathology» and minimal in the range of «normal».

© 2018 Limited Liability Company KlinMed Consulting. All Rights Reserved. This review includes main positions of the revision of diagnostic criteria of “J-wave syndromes in the J-Wave Syndromes Expert Consensus Conference Report: Emerging Concepts and Gaps in Knowledge” (2016). The article, systematized according to the sections of the above-mentioned document, outlines the questions of terminology, new criteria for diagnosis of the Brugada syndrome (BrS) and early repolarization syndrome (ERS). The section devoted to ERS on the issues of new terminology and standardization of measurements, is supplemented with material from the Consensus Paper - The Early Repolarization Pattern (2015). The article also presents the issues of differential diagnosis in BrS, presents modulating factors, defines acquired Brugada-pattern and Brugada phenocopies. The similarities and differences between BrS and ERS are presented in a comparative aspect.