Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the peculiar morphological features of the blood stains on the snow over of different density. We have undertaken the modeling and investigation of the blood stains on the loose snow cover (ρ=0.35±0.03 g/cm3) and at the areas of snow compacted by a motor-vehicle wheel (ρ=0.96±0.03 g/cm3) with the use of the visual, metric, descriptive, and statistical methods. The analysis of the blood stain patterns on the loose snow showed that a blood drop tends to form a depressed cylindrical canal at the bottom of which an irregularly shaped spherical element can be seen; it is composed of small snow crystals soaked with blood. The upper end of the canal has the fine-scalloped edge tending to shed unevenly. The morphological picture of the blood stains at the compacted snow cover is similar to that on the hard wettable rough surfaces; they have the oval shape and the unevenly serrated edge with the well apparent signs of sputtering.at the periphery.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the specific morphological features of the imprints of blood-soaked straight and wavy head hair. The contact imprints of straight and wavy head hair dirtied with blood were obtained experimentally. The imprints of straight hair were shown to exhibit the elements in the form of the rectilinear and bow-shaped slightly bent stripes. The imprints of wavy hair were shaped as the arches, waves, circles, and a large number of various small elements, such as dashes and commas.

© 2018, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The objective of the present study was the analysis of the results of the medical criminalistics expertises of the blood stains with reference to their different characteristics including the occurrence across the years, variability, the forms and parameters of the traumatizing impacts, the properties of the objects with which the injuries were inflicted, etc. The majority of the data necessary for the analysis were extracted from the archive materials of the Medical and Criminalistic Department of the Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise of the Moscow Health Department for the period from 2011 till 2015. A total of 5749 expertises performed during this time included 107 analyses of blood stains, 98 trace-evidence and 9 situational analyses. The specific features of such expertises include a large number of objects carrying blood stains available for the analysis. In the majority of the cases, such objects are stained with blood of several types differing in the mechanisms of their formation. 3D-scanning of the scene of the event with the subsequent three-dimensional computer-assisted simulation of the actions of each participant of the accident is considered to be the most promising method for the medical criminalistic expertise of the blood stains. The application of this approach is believed to make the work of the forensic medical experts significantly easier.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The objective of the present study was to determine the minimal and maximum volume of blood droplets freely falling from various droplet-forming surfaces and to characterize the specific morphological features of the resulting stains. The experiments were designed so that the blood droplets were allowed to fall down from the height of 10 cm to 1.5 m. The drop volume varied from 5 mcl to 134 mcl depending on the shape of the objects and the area of the droplet-forming surfaces. The size of the blood stains ranged from 0.4 to 2.4 cm. The stains of a smaller size were regarded as splashes while a stain resulting from the fall of a droplet having a volume greater than 200 mcl was considered to be a result of merging of several droplets and was termed «blood volume». The morphological features of the blood stains of different volume are described.