Репозиторий Университета

© 2018 Copyright O. Zolnikova et al. We have reviewed the currently published results on a role of the gut microflora in a prevention of acute respiratory infections. The main biological properties of probiotic bacteria are presented in a context of their modulating activity on an inflammatory immune response. Available data on the reduction of a possible risk, duration, and severity of respiratory infection symptoms during a probiotic medication intake were analyzed. Potential antiviral probiotic mechanisms have been reviewed and discussed.

© 2018, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved. Bronchial obstruction, developing in children of preschool age against the background of acute respiratory infection, is characterised by a high prevalence, heterogeneity of clinical signs, difficulties of differential diagnosis, and a tendency to recurrence. Treatment of an acute episode of bronchial obstruction in acute respiratory infection is pathogenetic, since it is aimed at alleviation of bronchial spasm, oedema and mucus hypersecretion, and also at elimination of respiratory failure and hypoxia, if present. Therapy should be started as soon as possible, at the appearance of the first clinical and physical signs of bronchial obstruction. Drugs of choice for stopping bronchial obstruction are short-acting (4–6 h) β2-agonists: fenoterol, salbutamol.

© 2018, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved. The objective. To offer a clinical and laboratory characteristic of coronavirus infection in hospitalised children. Patients and methods. The group of study included 50 children, who were diagnosed with coronavirus infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Mono-coronavirus infection was found in 40 children (80%), mixed virus infection conditioned by a combination of two or three viruses - in 10 children (20%). Results. In all examined children with coronavirus infection disease had an acute onset and took a mild or moderate course. In general, the clinical picture of disease was manifested by cough, signs of rhinitis (stuffy nose, mucus discharge from the nose), febrile fever (in 52.5% of patients with mono-infection and in 80% of children with mixed infection), laryngotracheitis with laryngeal stenosis grade 1 (in 52.5% with mono-infection and in 80% with mixed infection). In 10% of children with monoinfection and in 50% of children with mixed infection gastrointestinal dysfunction was noted in the form of repeated vomiting to 2-6 times, diarrhoea to 1-4 times daily without pathological admixtures. Haematological parameters did not show any characteristic specificities in any child in both mono-infection and mixed infection. Cclusionon. Catarrhal inflammation is the leading clinical syndrome in mono- and mixed coronavirus infection; disease was manifested by cough, often - elevated body temperature, signs of stenosing laryngitis; part of children developed gastrointestinal dysfunction.

© 2018, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved. The article presents non-pharmaceutical methods of rehabilitation of children with acute respiratory infections (ARI) used at a hospital, polyclinic (rehabilitation centre), medical resort. Specificities of administering medical exercise therapy, massage, inhalation therapy, balneo-halotherapy and other methods at different stages of rehabilitation are discussed. The authors analyse the results of research works that are demonstrative of the necessity of including in rehabilitation programmes for children with ARI of the drug levocarnitine that enhances their effectiveness. Administration of levocarnitine in doses of 50 to 100 mg/kg/day 2 times daily, as 1–1.5-month courses, prevents the development of repeat episodes of acute respiratory viral infections in children and reduces their duration, restoring the activity of immune cells. Also, recommendations are given to physicians about the use of Elcar® in children who fall ill frequently and for prevention of respiratory infections. physicians about the use of Elcar in children who fall ill frequently and for prevention of respiratory infections.

© 2018 Media Sphera Publishing Group.All Rights Reserved. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and interferon-modulating efficacy of a combination of rectal and topical dosage forms of IFN-α2b with antioxidants in the treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in comparison with other variants of antiviral therapy. Materials and methods. A total of 90 servicemen aged 19.2±0.9 years with uncomplicated forms of ARI were hospitalized not later than 48 hours after the onset of the disease. Patients were randomized into 3 groups of 30 people each. In the first group, patients received rectal suppositories containing IFN-α2b (1 million IU) and antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol acetate and ascorbic acid) twice a day for 5 days. In the second group, patients received intranasally a gel formulation containing IFN-α2b (36 000 IU/1 g) and antioxidants 3 times a day in addition to the above suppositories. In the third group, patients were prescribed umifenovir (reference drug) at dose of 200 mg 4 times a day for 5 days. The dynamics of regression of clinical manifestations of ARI in different groups, changes in concentrations of IFN-α and IFN-γ in blood plasma, as well as spontaneous and induced production of these cytokines by blood cells ex vivo were evaluated. After that, the patients were observed for another 3 months to register repeated cases of hospitalization for ARI. Results. Marked tendency to accelerate the regression of symptoms of intoxication and fever was observed when intranasal dosage form of IFN-α2b was administered to patients receiving the rectal form of this cytokine. The combination of rectal and topical dosage forms of IFN-α2b with antioxidants was more effective than monotherapy with the rectal suppositories in preventing repeated hospitalization for ARI. The above combination caused the most complete correction of induced production of IFN-α by blood cells ex vivo at its initial deviation from the norm. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate the expediency of using the combination of rectal and topical dosage forms of IFN-α2b with antioxidants for treatment of ARI.